Abstract：
Fenneropenaeus chinensis is a migratory marine species with a suitable growth at 18-30°C. To prolong breeding season and reduce mortality in winter, breeding new shrimp varieties with cold tolerance is essential. Genes upregulated and highly expressed at low temperature are reasonable candidate genetic markers for the breeding of cold tolerant strain variants. This study screened genes with these features by comparing multiple low-vs. normal-temperature transcriptome groups. The results showed that nine genes were upregulated and highly expressed at low temperature in more than seven of the nine comparison groups. Six of them were identified as genes encoding transcription factor ATF2, RNA recognition motif domain-containing protein, cytochrome b5-like protein, troponin C, tubulin alpha-1, and 18S/5.8S/28S rRNA, respectively. Cold-inducible upregulations of ATF2, cytochrome b5, and rRNAs were novel findings in this study. The other three novel genes were predicted to encode a membrane-bound extracellular protein and two lncRNAs. Four of the screened genes were verified by real time RT-PCR, and their expression levels were consistent with the sequencing results, demonstrating the accuracy of the transcriptome sequencing data. Function analysis showed that ATF2 might be the master transcription factor regulating the expressions of proteins involved in cellular responses to cold. The other genes played a role in events such as enhancing translation, increasing energy, inhibiting apoptosis, and preserving cell integrity. The expression features of these nine genes suggested that they were of great significance to the cold tolerance of shrimp.
摘要：
中国明对虾是一种迁徙的海洋物种，在18-30°C下生长合适。为了延长繁殖季节，降低冬季死亡率，选育耐寒对虾新品种至关重要。在低温下上调和高表达的基因是耐寒菌株变体育种的合理候选遗传标记。这项研究通过比较多个低与常温转录组。结果表明，在9个对照组中，有7个以上的基因在低温下上调并高表达。其中6个被鉴定为编码转录因子ATF2，含RNA识别基序结构域蛋白，细胞色素b5样蛋白，肌钙蛋白C,微管蛋白α-1和18S/5.8S/28SrRNA，分别。ATF2，细胞色素b5和rRNA的冷诱导上调是本研究的新发现。预测其他三个新基因编码膜结合细胞外蛋白和两个lncRNA。通过实时RT-PCR对筛选出的4个基因进行了验证,它们的表达水平与测序结果一致，证明转录组测序数据的准确性。功能分析显示，ATF2可能是调节细胞对寒冷反应相关蛋白表达的主要转录因子。其他基因在增强翻译等事件中发挥作用，增加能量，抑制细胞凋亡，保持细胞完整性。这9个基因的表达特征表明它们对对虾的耐冷性具有重要意义。
