Abstract：
Abnormal lipid metabolism is associated with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and is observed in neonates with abnormal fetal growth. However, the underlying specific changes in the lipoprotein profile remain poorly understood. Thus, in the present study we used a novel nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR)-based approach to profile the umbilical cord serum lipoproteins. Two-dimensional diffusion-ordered 1H-NMR spectroscopy showed that size, lipid content, number and concentration of particles within their subclasses were similar between offspring born to control (n = 74) and GDM (n = 62) mothers. Subsequent data stratification according to newborn birth-weight categories, i.e., small (n = 39), appropriate (n = 50) or large (n = 49) for gestational age (SGA, AGA and LGA, respectively), showed an interaction between GDM and birth-weight categories for intermediate-density lipoproteins (IDL)-cholesterol content and IDL- and low-density lipoproteins (LDL)-triglyceride content, and the number of medium very low-density lipoproteins (VLDL) and LDL particles specifically in AGA neonates. Moreover, in a 2-year follow-up study, we observed that small LDL particles were independently associated with offspring obesity at 2 years (n = 103). Collectively, our data demonstrate that GDM disturbs triglyceride and cholesterol lipoprotein content across birth-weight categories, with AGA neonates born to GDM mothers displaying a profile more similar to that of adults with dyslipidemia. Furthermore, an altered fetal lipoprotein pattern was associated with the development of obesity at 2 years.
摘要：
脂质代谢异常与妊娠期糖尿病（GDM）有关，并在胎儿生长异常的新生儿中观察到。然而,脂蛋白谱中潜在的具体变化仍然知之甚少.因此，在本研究中，我们使用了一种基于核磁共振（NMR）的新方法来分析脐带血清脂蛋白。二维扩散有序1H-NMR光谱显示，脂质含量，在对照（n=74）和GDM（n=62）母亲所生的后代之间，其亚类中颗粒的数量和浓度相似。根据新生儿出生体重类别进行后续数据分层，即，小（n=39），适合(n=50)或大(n=49)胎龄(SGA，AGA和LGA,分别)，显示了GDM和出生体重类别之间的相互作用，即中密度脂蛋白（IDL）-胆固醇含量和IDL-和低密度脂蛋白（LDL）-甘油三酯含量，特别是在AGA新生儿中，中等极低密度脂蛋白（VLDL）和LDL颗粒的数量。此外，在一项为期2年的随访研究中，我们观察到小LDL颗粒在2年时与后代肥胖独立相关(n=103).总的来说，我们的数据表明，GDM会干扰不同出生体重类别的甘油三酯和胆固醇脂蛋白含量，GDM母亲所生的AGA新生儿表现出与血脂异常成人更相似的特征。此外，胎儿脂蛋白模式的改变与2年时肥胖的发生有关.
