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Abstract：
UNASSIGNED: This international multi-center study aimed to demonstrate the feasibility and reliability of non-invasive myocardial work (MW) parameters in the pediatric population, and to provide normal reference ranges for this useful echocardiographic tool in this specific subset of patients.
UNASSIGNED: In this retrospective multi-center study involving three pediatric laboratories, 150 healthy children and adolescents (mean age of 10.6 ± 4.5, 91 males) were enrolled. A complete echocardiographic examination has been performed, including global longitudinal strain (GLS) assessment. The following parameters of non-invasive MW have been obtained through a dedicated software: global work index (GWI), global constructive work (GCW), global work waste (GWW), and global work efficiency (GWE), using left ventricular (LV) strain loops and non-invasive brachial artery cuff pressure values. The lowest expected values were for GWI 1,723 mmHg% in males and 1,682 mmHg% in females, for GCW 2,089 and 2,106 mmHg%, for GWE 95.9 and 95.5% whereas the highest expected value for GWW was 78 mmHg% in men and 90 mmHg% in women. The univariable and multivariable analysis showed significant associations between either GWI or GCW with SBP (β coefficient = 0.446, p < 0.001; β coefficient = 0.456, p < 0.001, respectively) and LV GLS (β coefficient = -0.268, p = 0.001; β coefficient = -0.233, p = 0.003, respectively). Inter- and intra-observer variability showed good reproducibility of non-invasive MW parameters.
UNASSIGNED: Non-invasive MW parameters were feasible and reliable in the pediatric population. This study provided normal reference ranges of these useful echocardiographic indices.
UNASSIGNED: In this retrospective multi-center study involving three pediatric laboratories, 150 healthy children and adolescents (mean age of 10.6 ± 4.5, 91 males) were enrolled. A complete echocardiographic examination has been performed, including global longitudinal strain (GLS) assessment. The following parameters of non-invasive MW have been obtained through a dedicated software: global work index (GWI), global constructive work (GCW), global work waste (GWW), and global work efficiency (GWE), using left ventricular (LV) strain loops and non-invasive brachial artery cuff pressure values. The lowest expected values were for GWI 1,723 mmHg% in males and 1,682 mmHg% in females, for GCW 2,089 and 2,106 mmHg%, for GWE 95.9 and 95.5% whereas the highest expected value for GWW was 78 mmHg% in men and 90 mmHg% in women. The univariable and multivariable analysis showed significant associations between either GWI or GCW with SBP (β coefficient = 0.446, p < 0.001; β coefficient = 0.456, p < 0.001, respectively) and LV GLS (β coefficient = -0.268, p = 0.001; β coefficient = -0.233, p = 0.003, respectively). Inter- and intra-observer variability showed good reproducibility of non-invasive MW parameters.
UNASSIGNED: Non-invasive MW parameters were feasible and reliable in the pediatric population. This study provided normal reference ranges of these useful echocardiographic indices.
摘要：
UNASSIGNED：这项国际多中心研究旨在证明儿科人群中无创心肌工作（MW）参数的可行性和可靠性，并为该特定子集的患者提供该有用的超声心动图工具的正常参考范围。
UNASSIGNED：在这项涉及三个儿科实验室的多中心回顾性研究中，纳入150名健康儿童和青少年（平均年龄10.6±4.5，男性91）。进行了完整的超声心动图检查，包括全球纵向应变(GLS)评估。通过专用软件获得了非侵入性MW的以下参数：全球工作指数（GWI），全球建设性工作(GCW)，全球工作废物(GWW)，和全球工作效率(GWE)，使用左心室（LV）应变环和无创肱动脉袖压值。最低预期值是男性GWI1,723mmHg％，女性为1,682mmHg％，对于GCW2,089和2,106mmHg，GWE的95.9和95.5％，而GWW的最高预期值男性为78mmHg％，女性为90mmHg％。单变量和多变量分析表明GWI或GCW与SBP（β系数=0.446，p<0.001；β系数=0.456，p<0.001）和LVGLS（β系数=-0.268，p=0.001；β系数=-0.233，p=0.003）之间存在显着关联。观察者之间和观察者内部的变异性显示出非侵入性MW参数的良好可重复性。
UNASSIGNED：非侵入性MW参数在儿科人群中是可行且可靠的。这项研究提供了这些有用的超声心动图指标的正常参考范围。
UNASSIGNED：在这项涉及三个儿科实验室的多中心回顾性研究中，纳入150名健康儿童和青少年（平均年龄10.6±4.5，男性91）。进行了完整的超声心动图检查，包括全球纵向应变(GLS)评估。通过专用软件获得了非侵入性MW的以下参数：全球工作指数（GWI），全球建设性工作(GCW)，全球工作废物(GWW)，和全球工作效率(GWE)，使用左心室（LV）应变环和无创肱动脉袖压值。最低预期值是男性GWI1,723mmHg％，女性为1,682mmHg％，对于GCW2,089和2,106mmHg，GWE的95.9和95.5％，而GWW的最高预期值男性为78mmHg％，女性为90mmHg％。单变量和多变量分析表明GWI或GCW与SBP（β系数=0.446，p<0.001；β系数=0.456，p<0.001）和LVGLS（β系数=-0.268，p=0.001；β系数=-0.233，p=0.003）之间存在显着关联。观察者之间和观察者内部的变异性显示出非侵入性MW参数的良好可重复性。
UNASSIGNED：非侵入性MW参数在儿科人群中是可行且可靠的。这项研究提供了这些有用的超声心动图指标的正常参考范围。
