%0 Journal Article
%T Echocardiographic Normal Reference Ranges for Non-invasive Myocardial Work Parameters in Pediatric Age: Results From an International Multi-Center Study.
%A Sabatino J
%A Leo I
%A Strangio A
%A Bella S
%A Borrelli N
%A Avesani M
%A Josen M
%A Paredes J
%A Piccinelli E
%A Sirico D
%A Pergola V
%A Fraisse A
%A De Rosa S
%A Indolfi C
%A Di Salvo G
%A Sabatino J
%A Leo I
%A Strangio A
%A Bella S
%A Borrelli N
%A Avesani M
%A Josen M
%A Paredes J
%A Piccinelli E
%A Sirico D
%A Pergola V
%A Fraisse A
%A De Rosa S
%A Indolfi C
%A Di Salvo G
%A Sabatino J
%A Leo I
%A Strangio A
%A Bella S
%A Borrelli N
%A Avesani M
%A Josen M
%A Paredes J
%A Piccinelli E
%A Sirico D
%A Pergola V
%A Fraisse A
%A De Rosa S
%A Indolfi C
%A Di Salvo G
%J Front Cardiovasc Med
%V 9
%N 0
%D 2022
%M 35548421
%F 5.846
%R 10.3389/fcvm.2022.792622
%X <B>UNASSIGNED: </B>This international multi-center study aimed to demonstrate the feasibility and reliability of non-invasive myocardial work (MW) parameters in the pediatric population, and to provide normal reference ranges for this useful echocardiographic tool in this specific subset of patients.<BR><B>UNASSIGNED: </B>In this retrospective multi-center study involving three pediatric laboratories, 150 healthy children and adolescents (mean age of 10.6 ± 4.5, 91 males) were enrolled. A complete echocardiographic examination has been performed, including global longitudinal strain (GLS) assessment. The following parameters of non-invasive MW have been obtained through a dedicated software: global work index (GWI), global constructive work (GCW), global work waste (GWW), and global work efficiency (GWE), using left ventricular (LV) strain loops and non-invasive brachial artery cuff pressure values. The lowest expected values were for GWI 1,723 mmHg% in males and 1,682 mmHg% in females, for GCW 2,089 and 2,106 mmHg%, for GWE 95.9 and 95.5% whereas the highest expected value for GWW was 78 mmHg% in men and 90 mmHg% in women. The univariable and multivariable analysis showed significant associations between either GWI or GCW with SBP (β coefficient = 0.446, p < 0.001; β coefficient = 0.456, p < 0.001, respectively) and LV GLS (β coefficient = -0.268, p = 0.001; β coefficient = -0.233, p = 0.003, respectively). Inter- and intra-observer variability showed good reproducibility of non-invasive MW parameters.<BR><B>UNASSIGNED: </B>Non-invasive MW parameters were feasible and reliable in the pediatric population. This study provided normal reference ranges of these useful echocardiographic indices.