{Reference Type}: Journal Article
{Title}: Echocardiographic Normal Reference Ranges for Non-invasive Myocardial Work Parameters in Pediatric Age: Results From an International Multi-Center Study.
{Author}: Sabatino J;Leo I;Strangio A;Bella S;Borrelli N;Avesani M;Josen M;Paredes J;Piccinelli E;Sirico D;Pergola V;Fraisse A;De Rosa S;Indolfi C;Di Salvo G;Sabatino J;Leo I;Strangio A;Bella S;Borrelli N;Avesani M;Josen M;Paredes J;Piccinelli E;Sirico D;Pergola V;Fraisse A;De Rosa S;Indolfi C;Di Salvo G;Sabatino J;Leo I;Strangio A;Bella S;Borrelli N;Avesani M;Josen M;Paredes J;Piccinelli E;Sirico D;Pergola V;Fraisse A;De Rosa S;Indolfi C;Di Salvo G;
{Journal}: Front Cardiovasc Med
{Volume}: 9
{Issue}: 0
{Year}: 2022
{Factor}: 5.846
{DOI}: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.792622
{Abstract}: UNASSIGNED: This international multi-center study aimed to demonstrate the feasibility and reliability of non-invasive myocardial work (MW) parameters in the pediatric population, and to provide normal reference ranges for this useful echocardiographic tool in this specific subset of patients.
UNASSIGNED: In this retrospective multi-center study involving three pediatric laboratories, 150 healthy children and adolescents (mean age of 10.6 ± 4.5, 91 males) were enrolled. A complete echocardiographic examination has been performed, including global longitudinal strain (GLS) assessment. The following parameters of non-invasive MW have been obtained through a dedicated software: global work index (GWI), global constructive work (GCW), global work waste (GWW), and global work efficiency (GWE), using left ventricular (LV) strain loops and non-invasive brachial artery cuff pressure values. The lowest expected values were for GWI 1,723 mmHg% in males and 1,682 mmHg% in females, for GCW 2,089 and 2,106 mmHg%, for GWE 95.9 and 95.5% whereas the highest expected value for GWW was 78 mmHg% in men and 90 mmHg% in women. The univariable and multivariable analysis showed significant associations between either GWI or GCW with SBP (β coefficient = 0.446, p < 0.001; β coefficient = 0.456, p < 0.001, respectively) and LV GLS (β coefficient = -0.268, p = 0.001; β coefficient = -0.233, p = 0.003, respectively). Inter- and intra-observer variability showed good reproducibility of non-invasive MW parameters.
UNASSIGNED: Non-invasive MW parameters were feasible and reliable in the pediatric population. This study provided normal reference ranges of these useful echocardiographic indices.