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Abstract：
UNASSIGNED: There is no \"gold standard\" tool for the assessment of frailty in cirrhosis. This study compares Liver Frailty Index (LFI), Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB), Fried Frailty Criteria (FFC), and Clinical Frailty Scale (CFS) for frailty assessment and ascertains its impact on predicting mortality and hospitalizations in a cohort of outpatients with cirrhosis.
UNASSIGNED: 116 patients were enrolled in this prospective observational cohort study. Frailty assessment was done using LFI, SPPB, FFC, and CFS. All patients were followed up for 6 months. The primary outcome was the first of either all-cause unplanned hospitalization or all-cause mortality occurring within 6 months of the study period.
UNASSIGNED: 100 (86.2%) males and 16 (13.8%) females with a mean age of 50.2 (48.4-51.9, 95% CI) years were included. The most common cause of cirrhosis was alcoholic liver disease (47.4%) followed by hepatitis C (12.9%) and Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) (10.3%). There was no significant difference in prevalence of frailty based on LFI (43.1%), FFC (36.2%), CFS (44%), and SPPB (47.4%) (P > 0.05). Frail patients had worse outcomes compared to the Not frail group. At 6 months, the mortality rate in Frail patients was 42% versus 1.5% for the Not frail; hospitalization in Frail patients occurred in 92% versus 6% in the Not frail. On multivariable analysis, independent predictors of mortality were Frailty [OR 14 (1.4-54.2)], alcohol-related cirrhosis [OR 4.2 (1.1-16.3)], Child-Turcotte-Pugh (CTP) [OR 2.1 (1.4-2.9)] and Chronic liver disease questionnaire (CLDQ) [OR 0.1 (0.1-0.4)] scores.
UNASSIGNED: LFI, SPPB, FFC, and CFS are comparable in frailty assessment in patients with cirrhosis. Importantly, comparability of the commonly used scores for frailty assessment and prediction of hospitalization and mortality allows flexibility for clinical application.
UNASSIGNED: 116 patients were enrolled in this prospective observational cohort study. Frailty assessment was done using LFI, SPPB, FFC, and CFS. All patients were followed up for 6 months. The primary outcome was the first of either all-cause unplanned hospitalization or all-cause mortality occurring within 6 months of the study period.
UNASSIGNED: 100 (86.2%) males and 16 (13.8%) females with a mean age of 50.2 (48.4-51.9, 95% CI) years were included. The most common cause of cirrhosis was alcoholic liver disease (47.4%) followed by hepatitis C (12.9%) and Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) (10.3%). There was no significant difference in prevalence of frailty based on LFI (43.1%), FFC (36.2%), CFS (44%), and SPPB (47.4%) (P > 0.05). Frail patients had worse outcomes compared to the Not frail group. At 6 months, the mortality rate in Frail patients was 42% versus 1.5% for the Not frail; hospitalization in Frail patients occurred in 92% versus 6% in the Not frail. On multivariable analysis, independent predictors of mortality were Frailty [OR 14 (1.4-54.2)], alcohol-related cirrhosis [OR 4.2 (1.1-16.3)], Child-Turcotte-Pugh (CTP) [OR 2.1 (1.4-2.9)] and Chronic liver disease questionnaire (CLDQ) [OR 0.1 (0.1-0.4)] scores.
UNASSIGNED: LFI, SPPB, FFC, and CFS are comparable in frailty assessment in patients with cirrhosis. Importantly, comparability of the commonly used scores for frailty assessment and prediction of hospitalization and mortality allows flexibility for clinical application.
摘要：
UNASSIGNED：没有“金标准”工具来评估肝硬化的虚弱。这项研究比较了肝脏衰弱指数(LFI)，短物理性能电池（SPPB），油炸脆弱标准（FFC），和临床虚弱量表（CFS）用于虚弱评估，并确定其对预测肝硬化门诊患者队列死亡率和住院率的影响。
UNASSIGNED：116例患者纳入这项前瞻性观察性队列研究。使用LFI进行虚弱评估，SPPB,FFC,和CFS。所有患者均随访6个月。主要结果是在研究期间的6个月内发生的全因计划外住院或全因死亡的第一个结果。
UNASSIGNED：100名（86.2％）男性和16名（13.8％）女性，平均年龄为50.2（48.4-51.9，95％CI）岁。肝硬化最常见的原因是酒精性肝病（47.4％），其次是丙型肝炎（12.9％）和非酒精性脂肪性肝炎（NASH）（10.3％）。基于LFI的虚弱患病率没有显着差异（43.1％），FFC（36.2%），CFS（44%），SPPB(47.4%)(P>0.05)。与不虚弱组相比，虚弱患者的预后较差。6个月时,虚弱患者的死亡率为42%,不虚弱患者的死亡率为1.5%;虚弱患者的住院率为92%,不虚弱患者的住院率为6%.在多变量分析中，死亡率的独立预测因子是虚弱[OR14(1.4-54.2)]，酒精相关性肝硬化[OR4.2（1.1-16.3）]，Child-Turcotte-Pugh（CTP）[OR2.1（1.4-2.9）]和慢性肝病问卷（CLDQ）[OR0.1（0.1-0.4）]得分。
未经评估：LFI，SPPB,FFC,和CFS在肝硬化患者的虚弱评估中具有可比性。重要的是,用于衰弱评估和预测住院和死亡率的常用评分的可比性为临床应用提供了灵活性.
UNASSIGNED：116例患者纳入这项前瞻性观察性队列研究。
UNASSIGNED：100名（86.2％）男性和16名（13.8％）女性，平均年龄为50.2（48.4-51.9，95％CI）岁。
未经评估：LFI，
