关键词: Coverage Infectious disease Migrants Mobile populations Neglected tropical diseases Pastoralists Surveillance Treatment

Mesh : Humans Cell Phone Disease Eradication Health Services Accessibility Transients and Migrants

来  源:   DOI:10.1186/s12916-022-02365-6   PDF(Pubmed)

Abstract:
Mobile and migrant populations (MMPs) pose a unique challenge to disease elimination campaigns as they are often hard to survey and reach with treatment. While some elimination efforts have had success reaching MMPs, other campaigns are struggling to do so, which may be affecting progress towards disease control and elimination. Therefore, this paper reviews the literature on elimination campaigns targeting MMPs across a selection of elimination diseases-neglected tropical diseases, malaria, trypanosomiasis, polio, smallpox, and rinderpest.
Through a systematic review process following Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines, a three-person review team identified papers from databases, conference records, and citation searches using inclusion/exclusion criteria. Papers were divided into three key outcome domains during the synthetization process: (1) MMP movement patterns in East Africa including reasons for movement and consequences in terms of health outcomes and healthcare access; (2) MMP contribution to the transmission of disease across all geographies; (3) surveillance methods and treatment interventions used to implement programming in MMPs across all geographies. Experts in the field also provided supplemental information and gray literature to support this review.
The review identified 103 records which were descriptively analyzed using the outcome domains. The results indicate that in East Africa, there are various motivations for migration from economic opportunity to political unrest to natural disasters. Regardless of motivation, mobile lifestyles affect health service access such that MMPs in East Africa report barriers in accessing healthcare and have limited health knowledge. Often lower service delivery to these populations has resulted in higher disease prevalence. A minority of articles suggest MMPs do not pose challenges to reaching disease control and elimination thresholds. Finally, the literature highlighted surveillance methods (e.g., using satellite imagery or mobile phone data to track movement, participatory mapping, snowball sampling) and intervention strategies (e.g., integration with animal health campaigns, cross-border coordination, alternative mass drug administration [MDA] methods) to implement health interventions in MMPs.
Ultimately, the literature reviewed here can inform programmatic decisions as the community attempts to reach these never treated populations.
The protocol for this manuscript was registered with the International Prospective Registry of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO) (No. CRD42021214743).
摘要:
流动和移民人口(MMPs)对疾病消除运动构成了独特的挑战,因为它们通常很难进行调查和治疗。虽然一些消除努力已经成功地达到了MMPs,其他竞选活动正在努力这样做,这可能会影响疾病控制和消除的进展。因此,本文回顾了有关针对MMPs的消除运动的文献,这些运动涉及一系列消除疾病-被忽视的热带病,疟疾,锥虫病,脊髓灰质炎,天花,和牛瘟。
通过遵循系统审查和荟萃分析(PRISMA)指南的首选报告项目的系统审查过程,一个三人审查小组从数据库中识别出论文,会议记录,和使用纳入/排除标准的引文搜索。在合成过程中,论文分为三个关键结果领域:(1)东非的MMP运动模式,包括运动原因和健康结果和医疗保健方面的后果;(2)MMP对所有地区疾病传播的贡献;(3)用于在所有地区实施MMP计划的监测方法和治疗干预措施。该领域的专家还提供了补充信息和灰色文献来支持此评论。
评论确定了103条记录,这些记录使用结果域进行了描述性分析。结果表明,在东非,从经济机会到政治动荡再到自然灾害,有各种各样的移民动机。不管动机如何,移动生活方式影响卫生服务的获取,因此东非的MMPs报告在获取医疗保健方面存在障碍,并且健康知识有限。通常,向这些人群提供的服务较低导致疾病患病率较高。少数文章表明,MMP不会对达到疾病控制和消除阈值构成挑战。最后,文献强调了监测方法(例如,使用卫星图像或手机数据来跟踪运动,参与式制图,滚雪球抽样)和干预策略(例如,与动物健康运动相结合,跨境协调,替代的大规模药物管理[MDA]方法),以在MMP中实施健康干预措施。
最终,当社区试图接触这些从未接受过治疗的人群时,此处回顾的文献可以为方案决策提供信息.
本手稿的协议已在国际前瞻性系统审查登记处(PROSPERO)注册(编号:CRD42021214743)。
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