Abstract：
Neurological complications directly impact the lives of hundreds of millions of people worldwide. While the precise molecular mechanisms that underlie neuronal cell loss remain under debate, evidence indicates that the accumulation of genomic DNA damage and consequent cellular responses can promote apoptosis and neurodegenerative disease. This idea is supported by the fact that individuals who harbor pathogenic mutations in DNA damage response genes experience profound neuropathological manifestations. The review article here provides a general overview of the nervous system, the threats to DNA stability, and the mechanisms that protect genomic integrity while highlighting the connections of DNA repair defects to neurological disease. The information presented should serve as a prelude to the Special Issue \"Genome Stability and Neurological Disease\", where experts discuss the role of DNA repair in preserving central nervous system function in greater depth.
摘要：
神经系统并发症直接影响全球数亿人的生活。虽然神经元细胞丢失的确切分子机制仍在争论中，证据表明，基因组DNA损伤的积累和随之而来的细胞反应可以促进细胞凋亡和神经退行性疾病。这一观点得到了以下事实的支持：在DNA损伤反应基因中携带致病性突变的个体经历了深刻的神经病理学表现。这里的评论文章提供了神经系统的一般概述，对DNA稳定性的威胁,以及保护基因组完整性的机制，同时强调DNA修复缺陷与神经系统疾病的联系。提供的信息应作为特刊“基因组稳定性和神经系统疾病”的前奏，专家讨论DNA修复在更深入地保护中枢神经系统功能中的作用。
