Abstract：
BACKGROUND: Demystifying the events around early pregnancy is challenging. A wide network of mediators and signaling cascades orchestrate the processes of implantation and trophoblast proliferation. Dysregulation of these pathways could be implicated in early pregnancy loss. There is accumulating evidence around the role of Wnt pathway in implantation and early pregnancy. The purpose of this study was to explore alterations in the expression of Wnt4, Wnt6 and β-catenin in placental tissue obtained from human first trimester euploid miscarriages versus normally developing early pregnancies.
METHODS: The study group consisted of first trimester miscarriages (early embryonic demises and incomplete miscarriages) and the control group of social terminations of pregnancy (TOPs). The placental mRNA expression of Wnt4, Wnt6 and β-catenin was studied using reverse transcription PCR and real time PCR. Only euploid conceptions were included in the analysis.
RESULTS: Wnt4 expression was significantly increased in placental tissue from first trimester miscarriages versus controls (p = 0.003). No significant difference was documented in the expression of Wnt6 (p = 0.286) and β-catenin (p = 0.793). There was a 5.1fold increase in Wnt4 expression for early embryonic demises versus TOPs and a 7.6fold increase for incomplete miscarriages versus TOPs - no significant difference between the two subgroups of miscarriage (p = 0.533).
CONCLUSIONS: This is, to our knowledge, the first study demonstrating significant alteration of Wnt4 expression in human placental tissue, from failed early pregnancies compared to normal controls. Undoubtedly, a more profound study is needed to confirm these preliminary findings and explore Wnt mediators as potential targets for strategies to predict and prevent miscarriage.
METHODS: The study group consisted of first trimester miscarriages (early embryonic demises and incomplete miscarriages) and the control group of social terminations of pregnancy (TOPs). The placental mRNA expression of Wnt4, Wnt6 and β-catenin was studied using reverse transcription PCR and real time PCR. Only euploid conceptions were included in the analysis.
RESULTS: Wnt4 expression was significantly increased in placental tissue from first trimester miscarriages versus controls (p = 0.003). No significant difference was documented in the expression of Wnt6 (p = 0.286) and β-catenin (p = 0.793). There was a 5.1fold increase in Wnt4 expression for early embryonic demises versus TOPs and a 7.6fold increase for incomplete miscarriages versus TOPs - no significant difference between the two subgroups of miscarriage (p = 0.533).
CONCLUSIONS: This is, to our knowledge, the first study demonstrating significant alteration of Wnt4 expression in human placental tissue, from failed early pregnancies compared to normal controls. Undoubtedly, a more profound study is needed to confirm these preliminary findings and explore Wnt mediators as potential targets for strategies to predict and prevent miscarriage.
摘要：
背景：揭开妊娠早期事件的神秘面纱具有挑战性。介质和信号级联的广泛网络协调植入和滋养层增殖的过程。这些途径的失调可能与早期妊娠丢失有关。关于Wnt通路在着床和早期妊娠中的作用有越来越多的证据。这项研究的目的是探索从人类妊娠早期整倍体流产获得的胎盘组织中Wnt4，Wnt6和β-catenin表达的变化。
方法：研究组包括孕早期流产（早期胚胎死亡和不完全流产）和社会终止妊娠（TOPs）的对照组。使用逆转录PCR和实时PCR研究胎盘Wnt4，Wnt6和β-catenin的mRNA表达。分析中仅包括整倍体概念。
结果：与对照组相比，孕早期流产胎盘组织中Wnt4表达显著增加（p=0.003）。Wnt6(p=0.286)和β-连环蛋白(p=0.793)的表达没有显著差异。与TOP相比，早期胚胎死亡的Wnt4表达增加了5.1倍，与TOP相比，不完全流产的Wnt4表达增加了7.6倍-流产的两个亚组之间没有显着差异（p=0.533）。
结论：这是，根据我们的知识，第一项研究表明Wnt4在人胎盘组织中的表达发生了显著改变，与正常对照组相比，早期妊娠失败。毫无疑问,需要更深入的研究来证实这些初步发现,并探索Wnt介体作为预测和预防流产策略的潜在目标.
方法：研究组包括孕早期流产（早期胚胎死亡和不完全流产）和社会终止妊娠（TOPs）的对照组。使用逆转录PCR和实时PCR研究胎盘Wnt4，Wnt6和β-catenin的mRNA表达。分析中仅包括整倍体概念。
结果：与对照组相比，孕早期流产胎盘组织中Wnt4表达显著增加（p=0.003）。Wnt6(p=0.286)和β-连环蛋白(p=0.793)的表达没有显著差异。与TOP相比，早期胚胎死亡的Wnt4表达增加了5.1倍，与TOP相比，不完全流产的Wnt4表达增加了7.6倍-流产的两个亚组之间没有显着差异（p=0.533）。
结论：这是，根据我们的知识，第一项研究表明Wnt4在人胎盘组织中的表达发生了显著改变，与正常对照组相比，早期妊娠失败。毫无疑问,需要更深入的研究来证实这些初步发现,并探索Wnt介体作为预测和预防流产策略的潜在目标.
