■基于分泌型卷曲相关蛋白2(SFRP2)-Wnt/β-catenin信号通路,本研究探讨了古鲁颗粒(CRKL)治疗产后无乳的疗效及作用机制。
■通过在分娩后第3天向雌性大鼠灌胃2mL的1.6mg/mL甲磺酸溴隐亭来建立产后缺乳的大鼠模型。选取分娩时间差小于48小时的雌性大鼠,随机分为7组,包括正常组(没有任何建模或药物治疗),一个模型组,CRKL低剂量组模型组大鼠接受3g/kg剂量的CRKL,CRKL中剂量组模型大鼠接受6g/kg剂量的CRKL,CRKL高剂量组模型大鼠接受9g/kg剂量的CRKL,阳性药物组的模型大鼠接受剂量为3mg/kg的多潘立酮,和接受生理盐水的模型大鼠的阴性对照(NC)组。每组6只大鼠。除正常组和模型组外,其余5组通过每天一次管饲法连续给予指定剂量的相应干预药物,共10天.测量了7组10天内后代总凋落物质量的变化,并进行HE染色以鉴定乳腺组织(MT)的病理变化。6组大鼠(排除阳性对照组)观察垂体组织嗜酸性粒细胞的病理变化。ELISA法测定血清中催乳素(PRL)含量,免疫组化染色检测MT中催乳素受体(PRLR)的表达,采用RT-qPCR检测MT泌乳相关基因的mRNA表达。采用网络药理学和分子对接技术研究CRKL对产后无乳的治疗作用及机制,特别是它是否通过SFRP2-Wnt/β-catenin信号通路起作用。通过检测相关通路基因的mRNA(RT-qPCR)和蛋白表达(Westernblot)进一步验证CRKL治疗的机制。使用来自大鼠MT的原代培养大鼠乳腺上皮细胞(RMEC)进行细胞实验。RMEC分为四组,包括一个正常组(原代培养RMEC,未经处理),SFRP2过表达组(用SFRP2过表达载体处理的原代培养RMEC),SFRP2过表达+CRKL组(接受SFRP2过表达组加10%含药血清治疗),和阴性对照组(用空载体处理的原代培养RMEC)。CRKL对泌乳相关基因FASN表达的影响,通过RT-qPCR检测SFRP2过表达后的CSN2和GLUT1mRNA。
■在这项研究中,CRKL低剂量组给药剂量为3g/kg,中剂量组6g/kg,高剂量组9g/kg(P<0.05或P<0.01)。与模型组相比,CRKL在所有剂量下均显着增加了10天内后代的总增重(P<0.05或P<0.01)。并有效增加泌乳(P<0.01),乳腺小叶区域,以及腺泡腔的大小和填充。在所有剂量的CRKL也增加了分泌PRL的嗜酸性粒细胞的数量在产后缺乳大鼠模型的垂体,并增加血清中PRL的含量(P<0.05或P<0.01)。CRKL促进产后缺气模型大鼠PRL的分泌和表达。此外,显著促进乳脂相关基因的表达,牛奶蛋白,和MT中乳糖合成(P<0.05或P<0.01)。网络药理学预测Wnt信号通路可能是CRKL治疗产后无乳的关键通路。分子对接结果表明,CRKL中的相关化学成分与CCND1和SFRP2具有良好的结合能力。与模型组相比,所有剂量的CRKL均能在体内抑制SFRP2基因的表达(P<0.01),并激活MT中Wnt/β-catenin信号通路中CCND1和c-Myc的mRNA和蛋白表达(P<0.05或P<0.01)。细胞实验表明,与正常组相比,SFRP2过表达降低乳合成相关基因FASN的mRNA表达,CSN2和GLUT1在RMEC中表达(P<0.01)。CCK8结果表明,含药血清的10%是对细胞给药的有效浓度(P<0.01)。服用含药血清后,泌乳相关基因FASN的表达,CSN2和GLUT1上调(与SFRP2过表达组相比,P<0.01)。
■CRKL通过SFRP2-Wnt/β-catenin信号通路缓解产后无乳。SFRP2可能成为产后无乳诊断和治疗的潜在新靶点。这揭示了CRKL治疗产后缺乳的新机制,促进了其临床应用。
UNASSIGNED: Based on the secreted frizzled-related protein 2 (SFRP2)-Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway, this study explored the effect and mechanism of Cuiru Keli (CRKL) in the treatment of postpartum hypogalactia.
UNASSIGNED: A rat model of postpartum hypogalactia was established by gavaging 2 mL of 1.6 mg/mL bromocriptine mesylate to female rats on the third day after delivery. Female rats with a delivery time difference of less than 48 hours were selected and randomly assigned to 7 groups, including a normal group (without any modeling or medication), a model group, a CRKL low-dose group of model group model rats receiving CRKL at the dose of 3 g/kg, a CRKL medium-dose group of model rats receiving CRKL at the dose of 6 g/kg, a CRKL high-dose group of model rats receiving CRKL at the dose of 9 g/kg, a positive drug group of model rats receiving domperidone at the dose of 3 mg/kg, and a negative control (NC) group of model rats receiving normal saline. Each group contained 6 rats. Except for the normal and model groups, the remaining 5 groups were continuously administered with the respective intervention drugs at the specified doses by gavage once a day for 10 days. Changes in the total litter mass of the offspring in the 7 groups within 10 days were measured, and HE staining was performed to identify pathological changes in the mammary tissue (MT). Six groups of rats (excluding the positive control group) were used to observe the pathological changes of eosinophils in pituitary tissue. ELISA was performed to determine the content of prolactin (PRL) in serum, immunohistochemical staining was used to determine the expression of prolactin receptor (PRLR) in MT, and RT-qPCR was used to determine the mRNA expression of genes related to lactation in MT. Network pharmacology and molecular docking were used to study the therapeutic effect and mechanism of CRKL on postpartum hypogalactia, particularly whether it acted through the SFRP2-Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. The mechanism of CRKL treatment was further validated by detecting mRNA (RT-qPCR) and protein expression (Western blot) of related pathway genes. Cell experiments were conducted using primary culture rat mammary epithelial cells (RMEC) from rat MT. RMEC were divided into four groups, including a normal group (primary culture RMEC, untreated), SFRP2 overexpression group (primary cultured RMEC treated with SFRP2 overexpression vector), SFRP2 overexpression+CRKL group (receiving treatment for SFRP2 overexpression group plus 10% drug-containing serum), and negative control group (primary culture RMEC treated with empty vector). The effect of CRKL on the expression of lactation-related genes FASN, CSN2, and GLUT1 mRNA after SFRP2 overexpression was detected by RT-qPCR.
UNASSIGNED: In this study, CRKL was administered at a dose of 3 g/kg in the CRKL low-dose group, 6 g/kg in the medium-dose group, and 9 g/kg in the high-dose group (P<0.05 or P<0.01). Compared with the model group, CRKL at all doses significantly increased the total litter weight gain of the offsprings within 10 days (P<0.05 or P<0.01), and effectively increased lactation (P<0.01), the area of mammary lobules, and the size and filling of acinar cavities. CRKL at all doses also increased the number of eosinophils that secreted PRL in the pituitary gland of the postpartum hypogalactia rat model, and increased the content of PRL in the serum (P<0.05 or P<0.01). CRKL promoted the secretion and expression of PRL in postpartum hypogalactic model rats. In addition, it significantly promoted the expression of genes related to milk fat, milk protein, and lactose synthesis in MT (P<0.05 or P<0.01). Network pharmacology predicted that the Wnt signaling pathway might be a key pathway for CRKL in treating postpartum hypogalactia. The molecular docking results showed that related chemical components in CRKL had good binding ability with CCND1 and SFRP2. Compared with the model group, CRKL at all doses inhibited the expression of SFRP2 gene in vivo (P<0.01) and activated the mRNA and protein expression of CCND1 and c-Myc in the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway in MT (P<0.05 or P<0.01). Cell experiments showed that, compared to the normal group, SFRP2 overexpression reduced the mRNA expression of milk synthesis-related genes FASN, CSN2, and GLUT1 in RMEC (P<0.01). The CCK8 results indicated that 10% of the drug-containing serum was the effective concentration administered to cells (P<0.01). After administering drug-containing serum, the expression of the lactation-related genes FASN, CSN2, and GLUT1 were up-regulated (compared with the SFRP2 overexpression group, P<0.01).
UNASSIGNED: CRKL alleviates postpartum hypogalactia through the SFRP2-Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. SFRP2 might be a potential new target for the diagnosis and treatment of postpartum hypogalactia. This reveals a new mechanism of CRKL in treating postpartum hypogalactia and promotes its clinical application.