Abstract:
Insecticides are widely used in agriculture as effective means to control pests. However, pests have not been completely mitigated with the increased use of insecticides. Instead, many side effects have arisen, especially the \'3Rs\' (resistance, resurgence, and residue). The brown planthopper, Nilaparvata lugens, is one of the most threatening rice pests. The main insecticides for controlling N. lugens belong to organochlorine, organophosphorus, carbamate, neonicotinoid and pyrethroid groups. However, metabolic enzymes, including cytochrome P450s, esterases, glutathione-S-transferases, and ATP-binding cassette transporters, effectively promote the detoxification of insecticides. Besides, mutations of neurological target sites, such as acetylcholinesterase, nicotinic acetylcholine, γ-aminobutyric acid receptor, and ryanodine receptor, result in insensitivity to insecticides. Here, we review the physiological metabolic resistance in N. lugens under insecticide stress to provide a theoretical basis for identifying and developing more effective and harmless insecticides.
摘要:
杀虫剂作为控制害虫的有效手段广泛用于农业。然而,随着杀虫剂使用的增加,害虫并没有得到完全缓解。相反,出现了许多副作用,尤其是“3Rs”(阻力,死灰复燃,和残留物)。棕色飞虱,Nilaparvatalugens,是最具威胁性的水稻害虫之一。控制N.lugens的主要杀虫剂属于有机氯,有机磷,氨基甲酸酯,新烟碱和拟除虫菊酯组。然而,代谢酶,包括细胞色素P450,酯酶,谷胱甘肽-S-转移酶,和ATP结合盒转运蛋白,有效促进杀虫剂的解毒。此外,神经靶位点的突变,如乙酰胆碱酯酶,烟碱乙酰胆碱,γ-氨基丁酸受体,还有ryanodine受体,导致对杀虫剂不敏感。这里,综述了N.lugens在杀虫剂胁迫下的生理代谢抗性,为鉴定和开发更有效、更无害的杀虫剂提供理论依据。