Abstract：
BACKGROUND: Taohong Siwu Decoction (THSWD) is based on the \"First Recipe of Gynecology.\" It is widely used in various blood stasis and deficiency syndromes, mainly in gynecological blood stasis, irregular menstruation, and dysmenorrhea. THSWD has great demand in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), gynecology, orthopedics, and internal medicine. According to classical records, three medicinal materials, namely Rehmanniae radix, Angelica sinensis, and Carthamus tinctorius, used in THSWD need to be \"washed with yellow rice wine.\" In the study of TCM prescriptions, the processing methods of medicinal materials not only needed to follow traditional records but also should consider modern technical conditions. Many medicinal materials in the repertoire of classical prescriptions involve yellow rice wine processing. Determining the processing method for medicinal materials is a key and difficult problem in the research and development of classical prescriptions.
OBJECTIVE: With THSWD as the representative, this study analyzed differences between no processing method, the modern processing method of \"stir-frying the materials with yellow rice wine,\" and the traditional processing method of \"washing with yellow rice wine.\" We focused on three aspects: composition, efficacy, and endogenous metabolism. This study aimed to provide a reference for research on the processing methods of medicinal materials used in classical prescriptions.
METHODS: UPLC-Q-Orbitrap HRMS was used to quickly identify and classify the main chemical compounds of THSWD. A model of primary dysmenorrhea (PD) was established using estradiol benzoate combined with oxytocin. The latent period and writhing time; the levels of serum PGF2α, PGE2, ET-1, and β-EP; and the pathological sections of the uterus were observed to determine their pharmacodynamic differences. GC-TOF/MS was used to analyze the differences in serum metabolites in rats.
RESULTS: A total of 54 active compounds were identified, and the results showed that catalpol and rehmapicroside disappeared following yellow rice wine processing. Compared with materials processed by the traditional method, the relative contents of 15 components, such as 5-hydroxymethylfurfural and digitalis C, increased in materials processed by the modern method. However, the relative contents of 16 components, such as hydroxysafflor yellow A, verbascoside, and ferulic acid, decreased in the modern processing method. The modern and classic processing methods acted on PD through different metabolic pathways. THSWD obtained by classical processing methods mainly treated PD through anti-inflammatory and estrogen metabolism pathways, whereas THSWD obtained by modern processing methods mainly treated PD through anti-inflammatory metabolic pathways.
CONCLUSIONS: The study revealed the differences in different yellow rice wine processing methods in terms of chemical composition of the THSWD obtained, as well as the mechanisms of action for the treatment of PD. This study provides a reference for the clinical application of THSWD and development of classical prescription preparations.
OBJECTIVE: With THSWD as the representative, this study analyzed differences between no processing method, the modern processing method of \"stir-frying the materials with yellow rice wine,\" and the traditional processing method of \"washing with yellow rice wine.\" We focused on three aspects: composition, efficacy, and endogenous metabolism. This study aimed to provide a reference for research on the processing methods of medicinal materials used in classical prescriptions.
METHODS: UPLC-Q-Orbitrap HRMS was used to quickly identify and classify the main chemical compounds of THSWD. A model of primary dysmenorrhea (PD) was established using estradiol benzoate combined with oxytocin. The latent period and writhing time; the levels of serum PGF2α, PGE2, ET-1, and β-EP; and the pathological sections of the uterus were observed to determine their pharmacodynamic differences. GC-TOF/MS was used to analyze the differences in serum metabolites in rats.
RESULTS: A total of 54 active compounds were identified, and the results showed that catalpol and rehmapicroside disappeared following yellow rice wine processing. Compared with materials processed by the traditional method, the relative contents of 15 components, such as 5-hydroxymethylfurfural and digitalis C, increased in materials processed by the modern method. However, the relative contents of 16 components, such as hydroxysafflor yellow A, verbascoside, and ferulic acid, decreased in the modern processing method. The modern and classic processing methods acted on PD through different metabolic pathways. THSWD obtained by classical processing methods mainly treated PD through anti-inflammatory and estrogen metabolism pathways, whereas THSWD obtained by modern processing methods mainly treated PD through anti-inflammatory metabolic pathways.
CONCLUSIONS: The study revealed the differences in different yellow rice wine processing methods in terms of chemical composition of the THSWD obtained, as well as the mechanisms of action for the treatment of PD. This study provides a reference for the clinical application of THSWD and development of classical prescription preparations.
摘要：
背景：桃红四物汤（THSWD）是基于妇科第一配方。它广泛用于各种血瘀和虚证，主要在妇科血瘀,月经不调,痛经.THSWD对中药有很大的需求，妇科,骨科,和内科。根据古典记录,三种药材,即地黄，当归,和红花,用在THSWD中需要用“黄酒洗”。在中医方剂的研究中,药材的加工方法不仅要遵循传统的记载,还要考虑现代的技术条件。经典方剂中的许多药材都涉及黄酒加工。确定药材的炮制方法是经典方剂研发的重点和难点问题。
目的：以THSWD为代表，本研究分析了无处理方法之间的差异，现代加工方法“用黄酒炒料，“黄酒”和“黄酒”的传统加工方法洗涤。\“我们集中在三个方面：组成，功效,和内源性代谢。本研究旨在为经典方剂药材的炮制方法研究提供参考。
方法：使用UPLC-Q-OrbitrapHRMS对THSWD的主要化学化合物进行快速鉴定和分类。使用苯甲酸雌二醇联合催产素建立原发性痛经（PD）模型。潜伏期和扭体时间；血清PGF2α水平，观察PGE2，ET-1和β-EP；和子宫的病理切片以确定它们的药效学差异。采用GC-TOF/MS分析大鼠血清代谢产物的差异。
结果：共鉴定出54种活性化合物，结果表明，黄酒加工后，catalpol和rehmapicroside消失了。与传统方法加工的材料相比，15种成分的相对含量，如5-羟甲基糠醛和洋地黄C，用现代方法加工的材料增加了。然而,16种成分的相对含量，如羟基红花黄色素A，Verbascoside,和阿魏酸,在现代加工方法中有所下降。现代和经典的加工方法通过不同的代谢途径作用于PD。通过经典加工方法获得的THSWD主要通过抗炎和雌激素代谢途径治疗PD，而通过现代加工方法获得的THSWD主要通过抗炎代谢途径治疗PD。
结论：该研究揭示了不同黄酒加工方法在获得的THSWD化学成分方面的差异，以及治疗PD的作用机制。本研究为THSWD的临床应用及经典方剂的研制提供了参考。
目的：以THSWD为代表，本研究分析了无处理方法之间的差异，现代加工方法“用黄酒炒料，“黄酒”和“黄酒”的传统加工方法洗涤。\“我们集中在三个方面：组成，功效,和内源性代谢。本研究旨在为经典方剂药材的炮制方法研究提供参考。
方法：使用UPLC-Q-OrbitrapHRMS对THSWD的主要化学化合物进行快速鉴定和分类。使用苯甲酸雌二醇联合催产素建立原发性痛经（PD）模型。潜伏期和扭体时间；血清PGF2α水平，观察PGE2，ET-1和β-EP；和子宫的病理切片以确定它们的药效学差异。采用GC-TOF/MS分析大鼠血清代谢产物的差异。
结果：共鉴定出54种活性化合物，结果表明，黄酒加工后，catalpol和rehmapicroside消失了。与传统方法加工的材料相比，15种成分的相对含量，如5-羟甲基糠醛和洋地黄C，用现代方法加工的材料增加了。然而,16种成分的相对含量，如羟基红花黄色素A，Verbascoside,和阿魏酸,在现代加工方法中有所下降。现代和经典的加工方法通过不同的代谢途径作用于PD。通过经典加工方法获得的THSWD主要通过抗炎和雌激素代谢途径治疗PD，而通过现代加工方法获得的THSWD主要通过抗炎代谢途径治疗PD。
结论：该研究揭示了不同黄酒加工方法在获得的THSWD化学成分方面的差异，以及治疗PD的作用机制。本研究为THSWD的临床应用及经典方剂的研制提供了参考。
