Abstract：
The effects of short sprint interval training (sSIT) with efforts of ≤10 s on maximal oxygen consumption (V̇O2 max), aerobic and anaerobic performances remain unknown. To verify the effectiveness of sSIT in physically active adults and athletes, a systematic literature search was conducted according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA). The databases PubMed/MEDLINE, ISI Web of Science, and SPORTDiscus were systematically searched on May 9, 2020, and updated on September 14, 2021. Inclusion criteria were based on PICO and included healthy athletes and active adults of any sex (≤40 years), performing supervised sSIT (≤10 s of \"all-out\" and non-\"all-out\" efforts) of at least 2 weeks, with a minimum of 6 sessions. As a comparator, a non-sSIT control group, another high-intensity interval training (HIIT) group, or a continuous training (CT) group were required. A total of 18 studies were deemed eligible. The estimated SMDs based on the random-effects model were -0.56 (95% CI: -0.79, -0.33, p < 0.001) for V̇O2 max, -0.43 (95% CI: -0.67, -0.20, p < 0.001) for aerobic performance, and -0.44 (95% CI: -0.70, -0.18, p < 0.001) for anaerobic performance after sSIT vs. no exercise/usual training. However, there were no significant differences (p > 0.05) for all outcomes when comparing sSIT vs. HIIT/CT. Our findings indicate a very high effectiveness of sSIT protocols in different exercise modes (e.g., cycling, running, paddling, and punching) to improve V̇O2 max, aerobic, and anaerobic performances in physically active young healthy adults and athletes.
摘要：
短冲刺间隔训练（sSIT）的影响≤10s的努力对最大耗氧量（V²O2max），有氧和厌氧性能仍然未知。为了验证sSIT在身体活跃的成年人和运动员中的有效性，根据系统评价和荟萃分析（PRISMA）的首选报告项目进行了系统的文献检索。数据库PubMed/MEDLINE,ISIWebofScience,和SPORTDiscus于2020年5月9日进行了系统搜索，并于2021年9月14日进行了更新。纳入标准基于PICO，包括健康运动员和任何性别的活跃成年人（≤40岁），执行至少2周的监督sSIT(≤10s的“全力以赴”和非“全力以赴”努力)，至少6次。作为一个比较器，非sSIT对照组，另一个高强度间歇训练(HIIT)组，或需要连续训练（CT）组。共有18项研究被认为是合格的。基于随机效应模型的估计SMD为-0.56（95％CI：-0.79，-0.33，p<0.001），-0.43（95％CI：-0.67，-0.20，p<0.001）用于有氧性能，sSIT后的厌氧性能与-0.44（95％CI：-0.70，-0.18，p<0.001）没有锻炼/常规训练。然而,比较sSIT与sSIT时，所有结果均无显着差异（p>0.05）。HIIT/CT。我们的研究结果表明，在不同的运动模式下，sSIT协议的有效性非常高(例如，骑自行车,跑步,划桨,和打孔）以提高V²O2max，有氧,和无氧表现在身体活跃的年轻健康成年人和运动员。
