PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
The Infant and Young Child Feeding in Emergencies Operational Guidance (OG-IFE) gives direction on providing aid to meet infants\' and young children\'s feeding needs in emergencies. Because of the risks associated with formula feeding, the OG-IFE provides limited circumstances when infant formula should be provided in aid. However, distributions against this guidance are common, reducing breastfeeding so risking increased infant morbidity and mortality. This study sought to identify factors that contributed to following (\'good practice\') or not following (\'poor practice\') the OG-IFE regarding infant formula distribution in the 2014-16 refugee crisis in Europe. Thirty-three individuals who supported, coordinated, or implemented infant feeding support in the Crisis were interviewed regarding their experiences and views. Reflexive thematic analysis of transcribed interviews was undertaken. It was identified that presence of breastfeeding support, presence of properly implemented formula feeding programmes, understanding that maternal choice to formula feed should be considered within the risk context of the emergency, and positive personal experiences of breastfeeding contributed to good practice. Presence of infant formula donations, absence of properly managed formula feeding programmes, belief that maternal choice to formula feed is paramount and should be facilitated, and personal experience of insurmountable breastfeeding challenges and/or formula feeding contributed to poor practice. Governments, humanitarian organisations, and donors should ensure that infant and young child feeding in emergencies preparedness and programmes are adequately resourced. Emergency responders should be appropriately trained with training including infant feeding experience debriefing. Health and emergency organisations should provide maternity protections enabling employees to breastfeed as recommended.
摘要：
紧急情况下的婴幼儿喂养操作指南（OG-IFE）为提供帮助以满足紧急情况下的婴幼儿喂养需求提供了指导。由于与配方喂养相关的风险，OG-IFE提供了有限的情况下，应提供婴儿配方奶粉作为援助。然而,违反这一指导的分布是常见的，减少母乳喂养，因此有增加婴儿发病率和死亡率的风险。这项研究旨在确定在2014-16年欧洲难民危机中遵循（“良好做法”）或不遵循（“不良做法”）OG-IFE关于婴儿配方奶粉分配的因素。33个人支持，协调,或在危机中实施的婴儿喂养支持接受了采访，了解他们的经历和观点。对转录访谈进行了反思性主题分析。确定存在母乳喂养支持，是否有正确实施的配方喂养计划，理解产妇选择配方饲料应在紧急情况的风险范围内考虑，和积极的母乳喂养的个人经验有助于良好的做法。婴儿配方奶粉捐赠的存在，缺乏管理得当的配方喂养计划，相信母亲选择配方饲料是最重要的，应该得到促进，以及难以克服的母乳喂养挑战和/或配方喂养的个人经验导致了不良的实践。各国政府,人道主义组织,捐助者应确保为紧急情况准备和方案中的婴幼儿喂养提供充足的资源。应急人员应接受适当的培训，包括婴儿喂养经验汇报。卫生和紧急组织应提供产妇保护，使员工能够按照建议进行母乳喂养。
