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Abstract：
This systematic review assessed genotypes and changes in calcium homeostasis. A literature search was performed in EMBASE, Medline and CENTRAL on 7 August 2020 identifying 1012 references. Studies were included with any human population related to the topic of interest, and genetic variations in genes related to calcium metabolism were considered. Two reviewers independently screened references, extracted relevant data and assessed study quality using the Q-Genie tool. Forty-one studies investigating Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNPs) in relation to calcium status were identified. Almost half of the included studies were of good study quality according to the Q-Genie tool. Seventeen studies were cross-sectional, 14 case-control, seven association and three were Mendelian randomization studies. Included studies were conducted in over 18 countries. Participants were mainly adults, while six studies included children and adolescents. Ethnicity was described in 31 studies and half of these included Caucasian participants. Twenty-six independent studies examined the association between calcium and polymorphism in the calcium-sensing receptor (CASR) gene. Five studies assessed the association between polymorphisms of the Vitamin D receptor (VDR) gene and changes in calcium levels or renal excretion. The remaining ten studies investigated calcium homeostasis and other gene polymorphisms such as the CYP24A1 SNP or CLDN14. This study identified several CASR, VDR and other gene SNPs associated with calcium status. However, to provide evidence to guide dietary recommendations, further research is needed to explore the association between common polymorphisms and calcium requirements.
摘要：
这项系统评价评估了基因型和钙稳态的变化。在EMBASE中进行了文献检索，Medline和CENTRAL于2020年8月7日确定1012个参考文献。研究包括与感兴趣的主题相关的任何人群，并考虑了与钙代谢相关基因的遗传变异。两名审稿人独立筛选参考文献，提取相关数据并使用Q-Genie工具评估研究质量。鉴定了41项调查与钙状态相关的单核苷酸多态性(SNP)的研究。根据Q-Genie工具，几乎一半的纳入研究具有良好的研究质量。17项研究是横断面的，14案件控制，7个协会和3个是孟德尔随机化研究.纳入的研究在超过18个国家进行。参与者主要是成年人，六项研究包括儿童和青少年。在31项研究中描述了种族，其中一半包括白种人参与者。26项独立研究检查了钙与钙敏感受体（CASR）基因多态性之间的关联。五项研究评估了维生素D受体（VDR）基因多态性与钙水平或肾脏排泄变化之间的关联。其余十项研究调查了钙稳态和其他基因多态性，例如CYP24A1SNP或CLDN14。这项研究确定了几个CASR，VDR等基因SNP与钙状况有关。然而,为指导饮食建议提供证据，需要进一步的研究来探索常见多态性与钙需求之间的关联.
