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Abstract：
The 2021 Annual Review Issue of The Journal of Pathology contains 14 invited reviews on current research areas of particular importance in pathology. The subjects included here reflect the broad range of interests covered by the journal, including both basic and applied research fields but always with the aim of improving our understanding of human disease. This year, our reviews encompass the huge impact of the COVID-19 pandemic, the development and application of biomarkers for immune checkpoint inhibitors, recent advances in multiplexing antigen/nucleic acid detection in situ, the use of genomics to aid drug discovery, organoid methodologies in research, the microbiome in cancer, the role of macrophage-stroma interactions in fibrosis, and TGF-β as a driver of fibrosis in multiple pathologies. Other reviews revisit the p53 field and its lack of clinical impact to date, dissect the genetics of mitochondrial diseases, summarise the cells of origin and genetics of sarcomagenesis, provide new data on the role of TRIM28 in tumour predisposition, review our current understanding of cancer stem cell niches, and the function and regulation of p63. The reviews are authored by experts in their field from academia and industry, and provide comprehensive updates of the chosen areas, in which there has been considerable recent progress. © 2021 The Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
摘要：
《病理学杂志》2021年年度评论期刊包含14篇关于病理学中特别重要的当前研究领域的特邀评论。此处包含的主题反映了该杂志涵盖的广泛兴趣，包括基础和应用研究领域，但始终以提高我们对人类疾病的理解为目标。今年,我们的评论涵盖了COVID-19大流行的巨大影响，免疫检查点抑制剂生物标志物的开发和应用，多重抗原/核酸原位检测的最新进展，利用基因组学来帮助药物发现，研究中的类器官方法，癌症中的微生物组，巨噬细胞-基质相互作用在纤维化中的作用，和TGF-β在多种病理中作为纤维化的驱动因子。其他评论重新审视p53领域及其迄今为止缺乏临床影响，剖析线粒体疾病的遗传学，总结了肉瘤的起源和遗传学的细胞，提供有关TRIM28在肿瘤易感性中的作用的新数据，回顾我们目前对癌症干细胞生态位的理解，以及p63的功能和调节。这些评论是由学术界和工业界的专家撰写的，并提供所选区域的全面更新，最近取得了相当大的进展。©2021英国和爱尔兰病理学会。由JohnWiley&Sons出版,Ltd.
