人口老龄化增加了全球老龄化相关疾病的患病率,包括癌症,少肌症,神经系统疾病,关节炎,还有心脏病.了解衰老,一个基本的生物过程,在几个领域取得了突破。细胞衰老,由扁平的细胞体显示,空泡形成,和细胞质颗粒,在组织重塑中广泛发挥关键作用,胚胎发生,和伤口修复以及癌症治疗和衰老。缺乏检测和定量衰老细胞的通用生物标志物,在体外和体内,构成了一个主要的限制。主要衰老生物标志物的应用和局限性,包括衰老相关的β-半乳糖苷酶染色,端粒缩短,细胞周期停滞,DNA甲基化,并讨论了衰老相关的分泌表型。此外,探索衰老相关疾病和癌症的治疗方法。除了常规的生物标志物,这篇综述强调了体外,在体内,和用于衰老研究的疾病模型。Further,本综述还讨论了当前十年的技术,包括用于衰老和衰老领域的多组学和计算方法。通过使用细胞衰老生物标志物来了解衰老相关的生物学过程可以使治疗创新和干预措施得以改善老年人的生活质量。
Population aging has increased the global prevalence of aging-related diseases, including cancer, sarcopenia, neurological disease, arthritis, and heart disease. Understanding aging, a fundamental biological process, has led to breakthroughs in several fields. Cellular senescence, evinced by flattened cell bodies, vacuole formation, and cytoplasmic granules, ubiquitously plays crucial roles in tissue remodeling, embryogenesis, and wound repair as well as in cancer therapy and aging. The lack of universal biomarkers for detecting and quantifying senescent cells, in vitro and in vivo, constitutes a major limitation. The applications and limitations of major senescence biomarkers, including senescence-associated β-galactosidase staining, telomere shortening, cell-cycle arrest, DNA methylation, and senescence-associated secreted phenotypes are discussed. Furthermore, explore senotherapeutic approaches for aging-associated diseases and cancer. In addition to the conventional biomarkers, this review highlighted the in vitro, in vivo, and disease models used for aging studies. Further, technologies from the current decade including multi-omics and computational methods used in the fields of senescence and aging are also discussed in this review. Understanding aging-associated biological processes by using cellular senescence biomarkers can enable therapeutic innovation and interventions to improve the quality of life of older adults.