Abstract：
UNASSIGNED: The Male Athlete Triad is a medical syndrome most common in adolescent and young adult male athletes in sports that emphasize a lean physique, especially endurance and weight-class athletes. The 3 interrelated conditions of the Male Athlete Triad occur on spectrums of energy deficiency/low energy availability (EA), suppression of the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis, and impaired bone health, ranging from optimal health to clinically relevant outcomes of energy deficiency/low EA with or without disordered eating or eating disorder, functional hypogonadotropic hypogonadism, and osteoporosis or low bone mineral density with or without bone stress injury (BSI). Because of the importance of bone mass acquisition and health concerns in adolescence, screening is recommended during this time period in the at-risk male athlete. Diagnosis of the Male Athlete Triad is best accomplished by a multidisciplinary medical team. Clearance and return-to-play guidelines are recommended to optimize prevention and treatment. Evidence-based risk assessment protocols for the male athlete at risk for the Male Athlete Triad have been shown to be predictive for BSI and impaired bone health and should be encouraged. Improving energetic status through optimal fueling is the mainstay of treatment. A Roundtable on the Male Athlete Triad was convened by the Female and Male Athlete Triad Coalition in conjunction with the 64th Annual Meeting of the American College of Sports Medicine in Denver, Colorado, in May of 2017. In this second article, the latest clinical research to support current models of screening, diagnosis, and management for at-risk male athlete is reviewed with evidence-based recommendations.
摘要：
■男运动员三合会是一种医学综合症，最常见于青少年和年轻的成年男运动员，在运动中强调苗条的体格，尤其是耐力和体重等级的运动员。男运动员三合会的3个相互关联的条件发生在能量不足/低能量可用性（EA）的频谱上，抑制下丘脑-垂体-性腺轴，骨骼健康受损，从最佳健康到有或没有饮食失调或饮食失调的能量缺乏/低EA的临床相关结果，功能性低促性腺激素性性腺功能减退，和骨质疏松症或低骨密度伴或不伴骨应力损伤（BSI）。由于青春期骨骼质量获取和健康问题的重要性，建议在这段时间内对高危男性运动员进行筛查.男运动员三合会的诊断最好由多学科医疗团队完成。建议使用清除和重返游戏指南以优化预防和治疗。针对男性运动员三合会风险的男性运动员的循证风险评估方案已被证明可以预测BSI和骨骼健康受损，应予以鼓励。通过最佳加油改善精力充沛的状态是治疗的主要手段。男女运动员三合会联盟与在丹佛举行的美国运动医学学院第64届年会联合召开了男运动员三合会圆桌会议，科罗拉多,2017年5月。在第二篇文章中，支持当前筛查模型的最新临床研究，诊断,对高危男性运动员的管理进行了审查，并提出了循证建议。
