Abstract：
The Male Athlete Triad is a syndrome of 3 interrelated conditions most common in adolescent and young adult male endurance and weight-class athletes and includes the clinically relevant outcomes of (1) energy deficiency/low energy availability (EA) with or without disordered eating/eating disorders, (2) functional hypothalamic hypogonadism, and (3) osteoporosis or low bone mineral density with or without bone stress injury (BSI). The causal role of low EA in the modulation of reproductive function and skeletal health in the male athlete reinforces the notion that skeletal health and reproductive outcomes are the primary clinical concerns. At present, the specific intermediate subclinical outcomes are less clearly defined in male athletes than those in female athletes and are represented as subtle alterations in the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis and increased risk for BSI. The degree of energy deficiency/low EA associated with such alterations remains unclear. However, available data suggest a more severe energy deficiency/low EA state is needed to affect reproductive and skeletal health in the Male Athlete Triad than in the Female Athlete Triad. Additional research is needed to further clarify and quantify this association. The Female and Male Athlete Triad Coalition Consensus Statements include evidence statements developed after a roundtable of experts held in conjunction with the American College of Sports Medicine 64th Annual Meeting in Denver, Colorado, in 2017 and are in 2 parts-Part I: Definition and Scientific Basis and Part 2: The Male Athlete Triad: Diagnosis, Treatment, and Return-to-Play. In this first article, we discuss the scientific evidence to support the Male Athlete Triad model.
摘要：
■男运动员三联症是在青少年和年轻成年男性耐力和体重级运动员中最常见的3种相互关联的疾病的综合征，包括以下临床相关结果：（1）能量不足/能量低可用性（EA）有或没有饮食失调，（2）功能性下丘脑性腺功能减退，(3)骨质疏松或低骨密度伴或不伴骨应力损伤(BSI)。低EA在男性运动员生殖功能和骨骼健康调节中的因果作用加强了骨骼健康和生殖结果是主要临床问题的观念。目前,与女性运动员相比,男性运动员的具体中间亚临床结局定义较少,表现为下丘脑-垂体-性腺轴的细微改变和BSI风险增加.与这种改变相关的能量缺乏/低EA的程度仍不清楚。然而,现有数据表明，与女性运动员三联征相比，男性运动员三联征需要更严重的能量缺乏/低EA状态来影响生殖和骨骼健康。需要更多的研究来进一步澄清和量化这种关联。男女运动员三合会联盟共识声明包括在丹佛与美国运动医学学院第64届年会一起举行的专家圆桌会议之后制定的证据声明，科罗拉多,2017年，分为2部分-第一部分：定义和科学依据和第二部分：男运动员三合会：诊断，治疗,和回归游戏。在这第一篇文章中，我们讨论支持男运动员三合会模型的科学证据。
