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Abstract：
Psoriasis is a chronic skin disease, and it is especially characterized by the occurrence of red, itchy, and scaly eruptions on the skin. The quality of life of patients with psoriasis is decreased because this disease remains incurable, despite the rapid progress of therapeutic methods and the introduction of many innovative antipsoriatic drugs. Moreover, many patients with psoriasis are dissatisfied with their current treatment methods and the form with which the drug is applied. The patients complain about skin irritation, clothing stains, unpleasant smell, or excessive viscosity of the preparation. The causes of these issues should be linked with little effectiveness of the therapy caused by low permeation of the drug into the skin, as well as patients\' disobeying doctors\' recommendations, e.g., concerning regular application of the preparation. Both of these factors are closely related to the physicochemical form of the preparation and its rheological and mechanical properties. To improve the quality of patients\' lives, it is important to gain knowledge about the specific form of the drug and its effect on the safety and efficacy of a therapy as well as the patients\' comfort during application. Therefore, we present a literature review and a detailed analysis of the composition, rheological properties, and mechanical properties of polymeric gels as an alternative to viscous and greasy ointments. We discuss the following polymeric gels: hydrogels, oleogels, emulgels, and bigels. In our opinion, they have many characteristics (i.e., safety, effectiveness, desired durability, acceptance by patients), which can contribute to the development of an effective and, at the same time comfortable, method of local treatment of psoriasis for patients.
摘要：
牛皮癣是一种慢性皮肤病,它的特点特别是红色的出现，发痒,皮肤上有鳞状的爆发。牛皮癣患者的生活质量下降，因为这种疾病仍然无法治愈，尽管治疗方法的快速发展和许多创新的抗银屑病药物的引入。此外，许多牛皮癣患者对他们目前的治疗方法和药物的应用形式不满意。病人抱怨皮肤刺激，衣服污渍，难闻的气味,或制剂粘度过高。这些问题的原因应该与由于药物向皮肤的低渗透而导致的治疗效果不佳有关，以及患者“不服从医生”的建议，例如，关于准备的常规应用。这两个因素都与制剂的物理化学形式及其流变和机械性能密切相关。为了提高患者的生活质量，重要的是要了解药物的具体形式及其对治疗的安全性和有效性以及患者在使用过程中的舒适度的影响。因此,我们对其组成进行了文献综述和详细分析，流变性能,和聚合物凝胶的机械性能，可替代粘稠和油腻的软膏。我们讨论以下聚合物凝胶：水凝胶，油凝胶,emulgels,和bigels。在我们看来,它们具有许多特征(即，安全,有效性,所需的耐用性，患者接受)，这可以有助于发展有效的，同时舒适，银屑病患者的局部治疗方法。
