Abstract：
OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to analyze the morphologic features of alveolus in relatively healthy maxillary and mandibular incisors using cone-beam-computed tomography (CBCT).
METHODS: CBCT images of 318 patients were retrospectively acquired. Alveolar bone in incisive area was divided into: type 1 (thick), type 2 (relatively thick with mono-plate concavity), type 3 (thin with double-plate concavities), and type 4 (vulnerably thin). Alveolus prevalence and widths were analyzed statistically relative to age, gender, and molar relationship.
RESULTS: Prevalence of type 1 alveolus was 78.9% in maxillary central incisors, 15.1% in maxillary lateral incisors, 24.1% in mandibular central incisors, and 5.0% in mandibular lateral incisors. Type 2 alveolus was commonly observed in the maxillary lateral incisors (82.2%), mandibular central incisors (66.2%), and mandibular lateral incisors (87.9%). Prevalence of type 3 and 4 alveoli ranged from 0.0 to 9.4%. As for maxillary central incisors, type 1 was the widest both at the alveolar crest (7.77 ± 0.58 mm) and apical area (9.05 ± 1.86 mm), while type 3 had the lowest width at the apical region (4.08 ± 0.51 mm). Among maxillary central incisors, prevalence of type 1 tended to decrease with age. At all maxillary and mandibular incisor sites, alveolus widths were significantly thicker in males than in females. At maxillary lateral incisor and mandibular incisor sites, prevalence of alveolus type was significantly different among three molar relationships.
CONCLUSIONS: A 4-type classification system was suggested for alveolus morphology in incisive region. Identification of alveolus type might aid in the corresponding treatment.
METHODS: CBCT images of 318 patients were retrospectively acquired. Alveolar bone in incisive area was divided into: type 1 (thick), type 2 (relatively thick with mono-plate concavity), type 3 (thin with double-plate concavities), and type 4 (vulnerably thin). Alveolus prevalence and widths were analyzed statistically relative to age, gender, and molar relationship.
RESULTS: Prevalence of type 1 alveolus was 78.9% in maxillary central incisors, 15.1% in maxillary lateral incisors, 24.1% in mandibular central incisors, and 5.0% in mandibular lateral incisors. Type 2 alveolus was commonly observed in the maxillary lateral incisors (82.2%), mandibular central incisors (66.2%), and mandibular lateral incisors (87.9%). Prevalence of type 3 and 4 alveoli ranged from 0.0 to 9.4%. As for maxillary central incisors, type 1 was the widest both at the alveolar crest (7.77 ± 0.58 mm) and apical area (9.05 ± 1.86 mm), while type 3 had the lowest width at the apical region (4.08 ± 0.51 mm). Among maxillary central incisors, prevalence of type 1 tended to decrease with age. At all maxillary and mandibular incisor sites, alveolus widths were significantly thicker in males than in females. At maxillary lateral incisor and mandibular incisor sites, prevalence of alveolus type was significantly different among three molar relationships.
CONCLUSIONS: A 4-type classification system was suggested for alveolus morphology in incisive region. Identification of alveolus type might aid in the corresponding treatment.
摘要：
目的：本研究的目的是使用锥形束计算机断层扫描（CBCT）分析相对健康的上颌和下颌切牙的牙槽形态特征。
方法：回顾性获取318例患者的CBCT图像。切口区的牙槽骨分为：1型（厚），类型2（相对较厚，具有单板凹度），类型3（薄的双板凹面），和类型4（脆弱的薄）。Alveolus患病率和宽度相对于年龄进行统计分析，性别,和摩尔关系。
结果：上颌中切牙1型牙槽的患病率为78.9%，上颌侧切牙15.1%，下颌中切牙24.1%，下颌侧切牙为5.0%。上颌侧切牙常出现2型牙槽(82.2%),下颌中切牙(66.2%),下颌侧切牙(87.9%)。3型和4型肺泡的患病率为0.0％至9.4％。至于上颌中切牙，1型在牙槽骨(7.77±0.58mm)和根尖(9.05±1.86mm)处最宽，而3型在根尖区的宽度最小（4.08±0.51毫米）。在上颌中切牙中，1型患病率有随年龄增长而下降的趋势.在所有上颌和下颌切牙部位，男性的肺泡宽度明显大于女性。在上颌侧切牙和下颌切牙部位，在三种磨牙关系中，肺泡型的患病率显着不同。
结论：对于尖锐区域的肺泡形态，建议采用4型分类系统。识别肺泡类型可能有助于相应的治疗。
方法：回顾性获取318例患者的CBCT图像。切口区的牙槽骨分为：1型（厚），类型2（相对较厚，具有单板凹度），类型3（薄的双板凹面），和类型4（脆弱的薄）。Alveolus患病率和宽度相对于年龄进行统计分析，性别,和摩尔关系。
结果：上颌中切牙1型牙槽的患病率为78.9%，上颌侧切牙15.1%，下颌中切牙24.1%，下颌侧切牙为5.0%。上颌侧切牙常出现2型牙槽(82.2%),下颌中切牙(66.2%),下颌侧切牙(87.9%)。3型和4型肺泡的患病率为0.0％至9.4％。至于上颌中切牙，1型在牙槽骨(7.77±0.58mm)和根尖(9.05±1.86mm)处最宽，而3型在根尖区的宽度最小（4.08±0.51毫米）。在上颌中切牙中，1型患病率有随年龄增长而下降的趋势.在所有上颌和下颌切牙部位，男性的肺泡宽度明显大于女性。在上颌侧切牙和下颌切牙部位，在三种磨牙关系中，肺泡型的患病率显着不同。
结论：对于尖锐区域的肺泡形态，建议采用4型分类系统。识别肺泡类型可能有助于相应的治疗。
