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Abstract：
Regulation of transcription is a tightly choreographed process. The establishment of RNA polymerase II promoter proximal pausing soon after transcription initiation and the release of Pol II into productive elongation are key regulatory processes that occur in early elongation. We describe the techniques and tools that have become available for the study of promoter proximal pausing and their utility for future experiments. We then provide an overview of the factors and interactions that govern a multipartite pausing process and address emerging questions surrounding the mechanism of RNA polymerase II\'s subsequent advancement into the gene body. Finally, we address remaining controversies and future areas of study.
摘要：
转录的调节是一个严格编排的过程。转录起始后不久RNA聚合酶II启动子近端暂停的建立和PolII释放到生产性延伸是早期延伸中发生的关键调节过程。我们描述了可用于启动子近端暂停研究的技术和工具及其在未来实验中的实用性。然后，我们概述了控制多部分暂停过程的因素和相互作用，并解决了围绕RNA聚合酶II随后进入基因体的机制的新出现的问题。最后,我们讨论剩余的争议和未来的研究领域。
