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Abstract：
There has been an increasing focus on the importance of national policy to address population levels of physical inactivity. It has been suggested that the 4 cornerstones of policy comprise (1) national guidelines on physical activity (PA), (2) setting population goals and targets, (3) surveillance or health-monitoring systems, and (4) public education. The current study aimed to review the policy actions that have addressed each of these elements for children and youth in England and to identify areas of progress and remaining challenges.
A literature search was undertaken to identify past and present documents relevant to PA policy for children and youth in England. Each document was analyzed to identify content relevant to the 4 cornerstones of policy.
Physical activity guidelines (Cornerstone 1) for children and youth have been in place since 1998 and reviewed periodically. Physical activity targets (Cornerstone 2) have focussed on the provision of opportunities for PA, mainly through physical education in schools rather than in relation to the proportion of children meeting recommended PA levels. There has been much surveillance (Cornerstone 3) of children\'s PA, but this has been undertaken infrequently over time and with varying inclusions of differing domains of activity. There has been only 1 campaign (Cornerstone 4) that targeted children and their intermediaries, Change4Life, which was an obesity campaign focussing on dietary behavior in combination with PA. Most recently, a government infographic supporting the PA guidelines for children and young people was developed, but details of its dissemination and usage are unknown.
There have been many developments in national PA policy in England targeted to children and young people. The area of most significant progress is national PA guidelines. Establishing prevalence targets, streamlining surveillance systems, and investing in public education with supportive policies, environments, and opportunities would strengthen national policy efforts to increase PA and reduce sedentary behavior.
A literature search was undertaken to identify past and present documents relevant to PA policy for children and youth in England. Each document was analyzed to identify content relevant to the 4 cornerstones of policy.
Physical activity guidelines (Cornerstone 1) for children and youth have been in place since 1998 and reviewed periodically. Physical activity targets (Cornerstone 2) have focussed on the provision of opportunities for PA, mainly through physical education in schools rather than in relation to the proportion of children meeting recommended PA levels. There has been much surveillance (Cornerstone 3) of children\'s PA, but this has been undertaken infrequently over time and with varying inclusions of differing domains of activity. There has been only 1 campaign (Cornerstone 4) that targeted children and their intermediaries, Change4Life, which was an obesity campaign focussing on dietary behavior in combination with PA. Most recently, a government infographic supporting the PA guidelines for children and young people was developed, but details of its dissemination and usage are unknown.
There have been many developments in national PA policy in England targeted to children and young people. The area of most significant progress is national PA guidelines. Establishing prevalence targets, streamlining surveillance systems, and investing in public education with supportive policies, environments, and opportunities would strengthen national policy efforts to increase PA and reduce sedentary behavior.
摘要：
人们越来越重视国家政策对解决人口缺乏体育锻炼水平的重要性。有人建议，4个政策基石包括（1）国家体育活动指南（PA），(2)制定人口目标和指标，(3)监测或健康监测系统，（四）公共教育。本研究旨在审查针对英格兰儿童和青年的每一个要素的政策行动，并确定取得进展的领域和仍然存在的挑战。
进行了文献检索，以确定与英格兰儿童和青年的PA政策有关的过去和现在的文件。对每个文件进行了分析，以确定与4个政策基石相关的内容。
自1998年以来，针对儿童和青少年的身体活动指南（基石1）已经制定，并定期进行审查。身体活动目标（基石2）专注于为PA提供机会，主要是通过学校的体育教育，而不是与达到建议的PA水平的儿童比例有关。对儿童PA进行了很多监视（基石3），但是随着时间的推移，这种情况很少发生，并且包含不同的活动领域。只有1次运动（基石4）针对儿童及其中间人，Change4Life,这是一项肥胖运动，重点关注饮食行为与PA的结合。最近,制定了一份支持巴勒斯坦儿童和年轻人指导方针的政府信息图表，但是它的传播和使用细节是未知的。
英格兰针对儿童和年轻人的国家PA政策有了许多发展。最重大进展的领域是国家巴勒斯坦权力机构准则。建立流行率目标，精简监控系统，并以支持性政策投资于公共教育，环境，和机会将加强国家政策努力，以增加PA和减少久坐行为。
进行了文献检索，以确定与英格兰儿童和青年的PA政策有关的过去和现在的文件。对每个文件进行了分析，以确定与4个政策基石相关的内容。
自1998年以来，针对儿童和青少年的身体活动指南（基石1）已经制定，并定期进行审查。身体活动目标（基石2）专注于为PA提供机会，主要是通过学校的体育教育，而不是与达到建议的PA水平的儿童比例有关。对儿童PA进行了很多监视（基石3），但是随着时间的推移，这种情况很少发生，并且包含不同的活动领域。只有1次运动（基石4）针对儿童及其中间人，Change4Life,这是一项肥胖运动，重点关注饮食行为与PA的结合。最近,制定了一份支持巴勒斯坦儿童和年轻人指导方针的政府信息图表，但是它的传播和使用细节是未知的。
英格兰针对儿童和年轻人的国家PA政策有了许多发展。最重大进展的领域是国家巴勒斯坦权力机构准则。建立流行率目标，精简监控系统，并以支持性政策投资于公共教育，环境，和机会将加强国家政策努力，以增加PA和减少久坐行为。
