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Abstract：
The aim of this study is to determine the species of parasite that infected the population of Brussels during the Medieval and Renaissance periods, and determine if there was notable variation between different households within the city. We compared multiple sediment layers from cesspits beneath three different latrines dating from the 14th-17th centuries. Helminths and protozoa were detected using microscopy and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). We identified Ascaris sp., Capillaria sp., Dicrocoelium dendriticum, Entamoeba histolytica, Fasciola hepatica, Giardia duodenalis, Taenia sp. and Trichuris sp. in Medieval samples, and continuing presence of Ascaris sp., D. dendriticum, F. hepatica, G. duodenalis and Trichuris sp. into the Renaissance. While some variation existed between households, there was a broadly consistent pattern with the domination of species spread by fecal contamination of food and drink (whipworm, roundworm and protozoa that cause dysentery). These data allow us to explore diet and hygiene, together with routes for the spread of fecal-oral parasites. Key factors explaining our findings are manuring practices with human excrement in market gardens, and flooding of the polluted River Senne during the 14th-17th centuries.
摘要：
这项研究的目的是确定在中世纪和文艺复兴时期感染布鲁塞尔人口的寄生虫种类，并确定城市内不同家庭之间是否存在显著差异。我们比较了14-17世纪三种不同厕所下的污水坑的多个沉积层。使用显微镜和酶联免疫吸附测定（ELISA）检测蠕虫和原生动物。我们确定了A虫sp。,毛细管sp.,树枝状双腔,溶组织内阿米巴,肝片吸虫,十二指肠贾第虫,Taeniasp.和Trichurissp.在中世纪的样本中，和继续存在的蛔虫sp。,D.树枝状,F.肝，G.十二指肠和毛虫。进入文艺复兴时期。虽然家庭之间存在一些差异，通过食物和饮料的粪便污染（鞭虫，引起痢疾的蛔虫和原生动物)。这些数据使我们能够探索饮食和卫生，以及粪便-口腔寄生虫传播的途径。解释我们发现的关键因素是在市场花园中使用人类排泄物进行肥料处理，以及14-17世纪被污染的塞内河的洪水。
