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Abstract：
BACKGROUND: The Autistic Spectrum Disorders (ASD) are characterised by general deficits in social communication, stereotypes, and restricted interests. The ASD have a high prevalence of additional psychiatric disorders that make their daily functioning worse, and reduces the quality of life of them and their families.
METHODS: In an effort to identify family environmental characteristics that may influence in the course of additional psychiatric disorders, this study has focused on the symptoms of parental stress and psychological distress as possible risk factors. A cross-section study was carried out on the relationship between the stress and psychological distress of the parents and its relationship with co-existing psychopathology in a population of pre-school children with ASD (2-6 years).
CONCLUSIONS: High levels of stress and psychological distress of the parents arealready associated, since early childhood, with co-existing psychiatric symptoms, specifically with emotional and behavioural problems (p < 0.05). However, further longitudinal studies are needed for a better understanding of the causal relationship between these variables and their possible bidirectional relationship.
METHODS: In an effort to identify family environmental characteristics that may influence in the course of additional psychiatric disorders, this study has focused on the symptoms of parental stress and psychological distress as possible risk factors. A cross-section study was carried out on the relationship between the stress and psychological distress of the parents and its relationship with co-existing psychopathology in a population of pre-school children with ASD (2-6 years).
CONCLUSIONS: High levels of stress and psychological distress of the parents arealready associated, since early childhood, with co-existing psychiatric symptoms, specifically with emotional and behavioural problems (p < 0.05). However, further longitudinal studies are needed for a better understanding of the causal relationship between these variables and their possible bidirectional relationship.
摘要：
背景：自闭症谱系障碍（ASD）的特征是社交交流中的普遍缺陷，刻板印象，和有限的利益。ASD患有其他精神疾病，使其日常功能恶化，降低了他们及其家人的生活质量。
方法：为了确定可能影响其他精神疾病的家庭环境特征，这项研究的重点是父母压力和心理困扰作为可能的危险因素。在ASD学龄前儿童（2-6岁）中，对父母的压力与心理困扰之间的关系及其与共存的心理病理学之间的关系进行了横断面研究。
结论：父母的高水平压力和心理困扰已经相关，从童年开始，伴随着精神症状，特别是情绪和行为问题(p<0.05)。然而,需要进一步的纵向研究才能更好地理解这些变量之间的因果关系及其可能的双向关系.
方法：为了确定可能影响其他精神疾病的家庭环境特征，这项研究的重点是父母压力和心理困扰作为可能的危险因素。在ASD学龄前儿童（2-6岁）中，对父母的压力与心理困扰之间的关系及其与共存的心理病理学之间的关系进行了横断面研究。
结论：父母的高水平压力和心理困扰已经相关，从童年开始，伴随着精神症状，特别是情绪和行为问题(p<0.05)。然而,需要进一步的纵向研究才能更好地理解这些变量之间的因果关系及其可能的双向关系.
