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Abstract：
Two different analytical methods for the determination of polycyclic musk fragrances (PMFs) in wastewater and in activated sludge were developed. PMFs in filtered water samples were determined by gas chromatography coupled with a triple-quadrupole mass spectrometer in selected reaction monitoring (SRM) mode. Activated sludge samples were extracted using an ultrasonic bath and analysed using a GC-Ion trap. The developed methods respected a linear model (R2 > 0.995). Detection limits of selected compounds (Celestolide, Galaxolide, Galaxolidone, Phantolide and Tonalide) varied from 1.7 to 80 ng L-1 for water and from 0.1 ng g-1 to 210 ng g-1 for activated sludge considering laboratory contamination for each PMF. Recovery studies were performed on spiked water samples and, for sludges, on procedural blanks, showing recoveries above 70% for all the considered compounds, while recovery of the internal standard was always above limit of acceptance (30%). Proposed methods were used to determine PMFs concentrations in wastewaters and activated sludges of a wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) located in Northern Italy. Concentrations in the range of μg L-1 of Galaxolide and of its metabolite Galaxolidone were detected even in the WWTP effluent. Biotransformation of Galaxolide into Galaxolidone occurred during biological treatment with the consequent release of this compound through WWTP effluents. In activated sludges, concentrations of all PMFs except Galaxolidone were one order of magnitude higher than wastewaters, as expected according to their physicochemical properties. Present wastewater treatment technologies were confirmed to not be efficient in removing PMFs from influent wastewaters since with only ≃ 30% of Celestolide and Tonalide were removed.
摘要：
开发了两种不同的分析方法，用于测定废水和活性污泥中多环麝香香料（PMF）。过滤水样品中的PMF通过气相色谱与三重四极杆质谱仪在选择的反应监测（SRM）模式下测定。使用超声波浴提取活性污泥样品，并使用GC-离子阱进行分析。所开发的方法遵循线性模型(R2>0.995)。所选化合物的检测限(西来内酯，Galaxolide,Galaxolidone,考虑到每个PMF的实验室污染，Phantolide和Tonalide）对于水的变化范围为1.7至80ngL-1，对于活性污泥的变化范围为0.1ngg-1至210ngg-1。对加标水样进行了回收率研究，对于污泥，在程序空白上，显示所有考虑的化合物的回收率超过70%，而内标的回收率始终高于接受限度(30%)。拟议的方法用于确定位于意大利北部的污水处理厂（WWTP）的废水和活性污泥中的PMF浓度。即使在WWTP废水中也检测到Galaxolide及其代谢物Galaxolidone的浓度在μgL-1范围内。在生物处理期间发生了Galaxolide向Galaxolidone的生物转化，随后通过WWTP流出物释放了该化合物。在活化污泥中，除Galaxolidone外，所有PMF的浓度都比废水高一个数量级，正如预期的那样，根据它们的物理化学性质。目前的废水处理技术被证实不能有效地从流入的废水中去除PMF,因为只去除30%的塞来内酯和托那利。
