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Abstract：
Premenstrual syndrome (PMS) is a common cyclic psychological and somatic disorder which reduces women\'s quality of life. Evidence regarding the association between dietary patterns (DPs) and PMS is rare. The study aimed to determine the relationship between dietary patterns and PMS.
The case-control study was conducted among women with confirmed PMS and healthy individuals recruited from healthcare centres.
Dietary data were collected using a validated semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire and DPs were derived using principal component analysis. The association between DPs and likelihood of PMS was determined using logistic regression.
In total, 225 women with PMS and 334 healthy participants aged 20-46 years took part in the study.
Three major DPs were identified: (i) \'western DP\' characterized by high intake of fast foods, soft drink, and processed meats; (ii) \'traditional DP\' in which eggs, tomato sauce, fruits, and red meat were highly loaded; and (iii) \'healthy DP\' high in dried fruits, condiments and nuts. After taking all possible confounders into account, individuals in the highest tertile of the western DP were more likely to experience PMS (odds ratio (OR) = 1·49; 95 % CI: 1·01, 3·52), P < 0·001), whilst both healthy and traditional DP was inversely associated with the syndrome (OR = 0·31; 95 % CI: 0·17, 0·72, P = 0·02; OR = 0·33; 95 % CI: 0·14, 0·77, P = 0·01, respectively).
The western dietary patterns were positively associated with PMS, whilst the healthy and traditional dietary patterns were inversely associated with it. Further longitudinal studies are required to confirm our findings.
The case-control study was conducted among women with confirmed PMS and healthy individuals recruited from healthcare centres.
Dietary data were collected using a validated semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire and DPs were derived using principal component analysis. The association between DPs and likelihood of PMS was determined using logistic regression.
In total, 225 women with PMS and 334 healthy participants aged 20-46 years took part in the study.
Three major DPs were identified: (i) \'western DP\' characterized by high intake of fast foods, soft drink, and processed meats; (ii) \'traditional DP\' in which eggs, tomato sauce, fruits, and red meat were highly loaded; and (iii) \'healthy DP\' high in dried fruits, condiments and nuts. After taking all possible confounders into account, individuals in the highest tertile of the western DP were more likely to experience PMS (odds ratio (OR) = 1·49; 95 % CI: 1·01, 3·52), P < 0·001), whilst both healthy and traditional DP was inversely associated with the syndrome (OR = 0·31; 95 % CI: 0·17, 0·72, P = 0·02; OR = 0·33; 95 % CI: 0·14, 0·77, P = 0·01, respectively).
The western dietary patterns were positively associated with PMS, whilst the healthy and traditional dietary patterns were inversely associated with it. Further longitudinal studies are required to confirm our findings.
摘要：
经前综合征（PMS）是一种常见的周期性心理和躯体疾病，降低了女性的生活质量。关于饮食模式（DPs）与PMS之间关联的证据很少。该研究旨在确定膳食模式与PMS之间的关系。
病例对照研究是在确诊PMS的女性和从医疗中心招募的健康个体中进行的。
使用经过验证的半定量食物频率问卷收集饮食数据，并使用主成分分析得出DPs。使用逻辑回归确定DP与PMS可能性之间的关联。
总共，225名患有PMS的女性和334名20-46岁的健康参与者参加了这项研究。
确定了三个主要的DP：（i）“西方DP”，其特征是快餐摄入量高，软饮料,和加工肉类；(Ii)“传统DP”，其中鸡蛋，番茄酱,水果,红肉的含量很高；(iii)干果中的“健康DP”含量很高，调味品和坚果。在考虑了所有可能的混杂因素之后，西部DP最高三分位数的个体更有可能经历PMS(比值比(OR)=1·49；95%CI：1·01，3·52)，P<0·001),而健康和传统DP与该综合征呈负相关(OR=0·31;95%CI:0·17,0·72,P=0·02;OR=0·33;95%CI:0·14,0·77,P=0·01)。
西方饮食模式与PMS呈正相关，而健康和传统的饮食模式与之成反比。需要进一步的纵向研究来证实我们的发现。
病例对照研究是在确诊PMS的女性和从医疗中心招募的健康个体中进行的。
使用经过验证的半定量食物频率问卷收集饮食数据，并使用主成分分析得出DPs。使用逻辑回归确定DP与PMS可能性之间的关联。
总共，225名患有PMS的女性和334名20-46岁的健康参与者参加了这项研究。
确定了三个主要的DP：（i）“西方DP”，其特征是快餐摄入量高，软饮料,和加工肉类；(Ii)“传统DP”，其中鸡蛋，番茄酱,水果,红肉的含量很高；(iii)干果中的“健康DP”含量很高，调味品和坚果。在考虑了所有可能的混杂因素之后，西部DP最高三分位数的个体更有可能经历PMS(比值比(OR)=1·49；95%CI：1·01，3·52)，P<0·001),而健康和传统DP与该综合征呈负相关(OR=0·31;95%CI:0·17,0·72,P=0·02;OR=0·33;95%CI:0·14,0·77,P=0·01)。
西方饮食模式与PMS呈正相关，而健康和传统的饮食模式与之成反比。需要进一步的纵向研究来证实我们的发现。
