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Abstract：
BACKGROUND: User-independent quantitative measures of cutaneous allergic reactions can help the physicians manage and evaluate the treatment of cutaneous allergic reactions. In this paper, we present and validate a method to quantify the elevation, volume and area of cutaneous allergic reactions to red tattoos.
METHODS: The skin surface of allergic tattoo reactions was imaged using an optical 3D scanner. The in-house developed analysis tool measured the elevation, volume and area of the lesions, compared to a reference surface. This reference surface was created by 3D interpolation of the skin after manual removal of the lesions. The error of the interpolation tool was validated using a digital arm model. The error of our optical scanner was determined using a 3D printed lesion phantom. The clinical feasibility of the method was tested in 83 lesions in 17 patients.
RESULTS: The method showed clear potential to assess skin elevation, volume change and area of an allergic reaction. The validation measurements revealed that the error due to interpolation increases for larger interpolation areas and largely determined the error in the clinical measurements. Lesions with a width ≥4 mm and an elevation ≥0.4 mm could be measured with an error below 26%. Patient measurements showed that lesions up to 600 mm2 could be measured accurately, and elevation and volume changes could be assessed at follow-up.
CONCLUSIONS: Quantification of cutaneous allergic reactions to red tattoos using 3D optical scanning is feasible and may objectify skin elevation and improve management of the allergic reaction.
METHODS: The skin surface of allergic tattoo reactions was imaged using an optical 3D scanner. The in-house developed analysis tool measured the elevation, volume and area of the lesions, compared to a reference surface. This reference surface was created by 3D interpolation of the skin after manual removal of the lesions. The error of the interpolation tool was validated using a digital arm model. The error of our optical scanner was determined using a 3D printed lesion phantom. The clinical feasibility of the method was tested in 83 lesions in 17 patients.
RESULTS: The method showed clear potential to assess skin elevation, volume change and area of an allergic reaction. The validation measurements revealed that the error due to interpolation increases for larger interpolation areas and largely determined the error in the clinical measurements. Lesions with a width ≥4 mm and an elevation ≥0.4 mm could be measured with an error below 26%. Patient measurements showed that lesions up to 600 mm2 could be measured accurately, and elevation and volume changes could be assessed at follow-up.
CONCLUSIONS: Quantification of cutaneous allergic reactions to red tattoos using 3D optical scanning is feasible and may objectify skin elevation and improve management of the allergic reaction.
摘要：
背景：皮肤过敏反应的独立于用户的定量测量可以帮助医生管理和评估皮肤过敏反应的治疗。在本文中,我们提出并验证了一种量化高程的方法，皮肤对红色纹身的过敏反应的体积和面积。
方法：使用光学3D扫描仪对过敏性纹身反应的皮肤表面进行成像。内部开发的分析工具测量了高程，病变的体积和面积，与参考曲面进行比较。该参考表面是在手动去除损伤后通过皮肤的3D内插来创建的。使用数字臂模型验证了插补工具的误差。我们的光学扫描仪的错误是使用3D打印的病变体模确定的。在17例患者的83个病灶中测试了该方法的临床可行性。
结果：该方法显示出评估皮肤抬高的明显潜力，体积变化和过敏反应的面积。验证测量显示,由于插值导致的误差对于较大的插值区域而增加,并且在很大程度上确定了临床测量中的误差。可以测量宽度≥4mm和高度≥0.4mm的病变，误差低于26%。患者测量显示，高达600平方毫米的病变可以准确测量，海拔和体积变化可以在随访中评估。
结论：使用3D光学扫描对红色纹身的皮肤过敏反应进行定量是可行的，并且可以使皮肤抬高客观化并改善过敏反应的管理。
方法：使用光学3D扫描仪对过敏性纹身反应的皮肤表面进行成像。内部开发的分析工具测量了高程，病变的体积和面积，与参考曲面进行比较。该参考表面是在手动去除损伤后通过皮肤的3D内插来创建的。使用数字臂模型验证了插补工具的误差。我们的光学扫描仪的错误是使用3D打印的病变体模确定的。在17例患者的83个病灶中测试了该方法的临床可行性。
结果：该方法显示出评估皮肤抬高的明显潜力，体积变化和过敏反应的面积。验证测量显示,由于插值导致的误差对于较大的插值区域而增加,并且在很大程度上确定了临床测量中的误差。可以测量宽度≥4mm和高度≥0.4mm的病变，误差低于26%。患者测量显示，高达600平方毫米的病变可以准确测量，海拔和体积变化可以在随访中评估。
结论：使用3D光学扫描对红色纹身的皮肤过敏反应进行定量是可行的，并且可以使皮肤抬高客观化并改善过敏反应的管理。
