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Abstract：
Directional hemispheric dominance has been established for numerous cognitive functions in the human brain. Strong population biases with some functions favoring the left and others the right hemisphere generated the popular idea of an advantageous prototypical division of labor between both halves of the brain, molded by evolution and genetically blueprinted. As most empirical studies on functional lateralization focused on a single function at a time, little is known about the relation between different asymmetric functions and the consequences of atypical functional segregation in healthy individuals. Recent investigations suggest the existence of at least three different phenotypes in human functional segregation relevant for future neuroscientific and genetic research. Using atypical language dominance as a starting point, I summarize the existing literature about its behavioral and neural consequences and explore the evidence for intermediate phenotypes in brain functional segregation that could bridge behavioral and genetic data.
摘要：
已经为人脑中的许多认知功能建立了方向半球优势。具有某些功能有利于左半球和右半球的强烈人口偏见产生了一种流行的想法，即大脑两半之间有利的典型分工，由进化和基因蓝图塑造。由于大多数关于功能侧向化的实证研究一次集中在单个功能上，关于不同的不对称功能与健康个体中非典型功能隔离的后果之间的关系知之甚少。最近的研究表明，人类功能分离中至少存在三种不同的表型，这与未来的神经科学和遗传研究有关。以非典型语言优势为起点，我总结了有关其行为和神经后果的现有文献，并探索了大脑功能分离中中间表型的证据，这些证据可以弥合行为和遗传数据。
