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Abstract：
It is well known that terrestrial environments host an immense microbial biodiversity. Exposed to different types of stress, such as UV radiation, temperature fluctuations, water availability and the inter- / intra-specific competition for resources, terrestrial microorganisms have been evolved to produce a large spectrum of bioactive molecules. Bacteria, archaea, protists, fungi and algae have shown a high potential of producing biomolecules for pharmaceutical or other industrial purposes as they combine a sustainable, relatively low-cost and fast-production process. Herein, we provide an overview of the different bioactive molecules produced by terrestrial microorganisms with skin protecting applications. The high content in polyphenolic and carotenoid compounds produced by several strains, as well as the presence of exopolysaccharides, melanins, indole and pyrrole derivatives, mycosporines, carboxylic acids and other molecules, are discussed in the context of their antioxidant, photo-protective and skin-whitening activity. Relevant biotechnological tools developed for the enhanced production of high added value natural products, as well as the protecting effect of some antioxidant, hydrolytic and degrading enzymes are also discussed. Furthermore, we describe classes of microbial compounds that are used or have the potential to be used as antimicrobials, moisturizers, biosurfactants, pigments, flavorings and fragrances.
摘要：
众所周知，陆地环境拥有巨大的微生物生物多样性。受到不同类型的压力，如紫外线辐射，温度波动,水的可获得性和资源之间/内部的竞争，陆地微生物已经进化到产生大范围的生物活性分子。细菌,古细菌,原生生物,真菌和藻类已经显示出生产用于制药或其他工业目的的生物分子的高潜力，因为它们结合了可持续的，相对低成本和快速的生产工艺。在这里，我们概述了陆地微生物产生的不同生物活性分子与皮肤保护应用。几种菌株产生的多酚类和类胡萝卜素含量高，以及胞外多糖的存在，黑色素,吲哚和吡咯衍生物，分枝杆菌，羧酸和其他分子，在它们的抗氧化剂的背景下讨论，光保护和皮肤美白活动。为提高高附加值天然产品的生产而开发的相关生物技术工具，以及一些抗氧化剂的保护作用，还讨论了水解和降解酶。此外，我们描述了用作或有可能用作抗菌剂的微生物化合物的类别，保湿剂,生物表面活性剂,颜料,调味品和香料。
