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Abstract：
Electrospinning is a versatile process technology, exploited for the production of fibers with varying diameters, ranging from nano- to micro-scale, particularly useful for a wide range of applications. Among these, tissue engineering is particularly relevant to this technology since electrospun fibers offer topological structure features similar to the native extracellular matrix, thus providing an excellent environment for the growth of cells and tissues. Recently, nanocarbons have been emerging as promising fillers for biopolymeric nanofibrous scaffolds. In fact, they offer interesting physicochemical properties due to their small size, large surface area, high electrical conductivity and ability to interface/interact with the cells/tissues. Nevertheless, their biocompatibility is currently under debate and strictly correlated to their surface characteristics, in terms of chemical composition, hydrophilicity and roughness. Among the several nanofibrous scaffolds prepared by electrospinning, biopolymer/nanocarbons systems exhibit huge potential applications, since they combine the features of the matrix with those determined by the nanocarbons, such as conductivity and improved bioactivity. Furthermore, combining nanocarbons and electrospinning allows designing structures with engineered patterns at both nano- and microscale level. This article presents a comprehensive review of various types of electrospun polymer-nanocarbon currently used for tissue engineering applications. Furthermore, the differences among graphene, carbon nanotubes, nanodiamonds and fullerenes and their effect on the ultimate properties of the polymer-based nanofibrous scaffolds is elucidated and critically reviewed.
摘要：
静电纺丝是一种多功能的工艺技术,用于生产不同直径的纤维，从纳米尺度到微米尺度，特别适用于广泛的应用。其中,组织工程是特别相关的这项技术，因为电纺纤维提供的拓扑结构特征类似于天然细胞外基质，从而为细胞和组织的生长提供了良好的环境。最近,纳米碳已成为生物聚合物纳米纤维支架的有希望的填料。事实上,由于它们的体积小，它们提供了有趣的物理化学性质，大表面积,高导电性和与细胞/组织接口/相互作用的能力。然而，它们的生物相容性目前正在争论中，并且与它们的表面特性严格相关，在化学成分方面，亲水性和粗糙度。在通过静电纺丝制备的几种纳米纤维支架中，生物聚合物/纳米碳系统显示出巨大的潜在应用，因为它们结合了基质的特征和由纳米碳决定的特征，如导电性和改善的生物活性。此外，结合纳米碳和静电纺丝允许在纳米和微米级设计具有工程图案的结构。本文对目前用于组织工程应用的各种类型的电纺聚合物纳米碳进行了全面综述。此外，石墨烯之间的差异，碳纳米管,阐明了纳米金刚石和富勒烯及其对基于聚合物的纳米纤维支架的最终性能的影响，并进行了严格的审查。
