Abstract：
The CRISPR-Cas system, which was originally identified as a prokaryotic defense mechanism, is increasingly being used for the functional study of genes. This technology, which is simple, inexpensive and efficient, has aroused a lot of enthusiasm in the scientific community since its discovery, and every month many publications emanate from very different communities reporting on the use of CRISPR-Cas9. Currently, there are no vaccines to control neglected tropical diseases (NTDs) caused by Trypanosomatidae, particularly Human African Trypanosomiasis (HAT) and Animal African Trypanosomoses (AAT), and treatments are cumbersome and sometimes not effective enough. CRISPR-Cas9 has the potential to functionally analyze new target molecules that could be used for therapeutic and vaccine purposes. In this review, after briefly describing CRIPSR-Cas9 history and how it works, different applications on diseases, especially on parasitic diseases, are reviewed. We then focus the review on the use of CRISPR-Cas9 editing on Trypanosomatidae parasites, the causative agents of NTDs, which are still a terrible burden for human populations in tropical regions, and their vectors.
摘要：
CRISPR-Cas系统,最初被鉴定为原核防御机制，越来越多地用于基因功能研究。这项技术,这很简单，廉价高效,自发现以来，引起了科学界的极大热情，每个月都有许多出版物来自非常不同的社区，报告CRISPR-Cas9的使用情况。目前,没有疫苗来控制由锥虫引起的被忽视的热带病（NTDs），特别是人类非洲锥虫病（HAT）和动物非洲锥虫病（AAT），和治疗麻烦，有时不够有效。CRISPR-Cas9具有功能分析可用于治疗和疫苗目的的新靶分子的潜力。在这次审查中,在简要描述了CRIPSR-Cas9的历史及其工作原理之后，在疾病上的不同应用，尤其是寄生虫病,被审查。然后，我们将重点放在CRISPR-Cas9编辑对锥虫寄生虫的使用上，NTD的病原体，这对热带地区的人类来说仍然是一个可怕的负担，和他们的载体。
