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Abstract：
Within drug policy scholarship there is a growing body of literature applying ideational and social constructionist approaches to address the complexity of drug policy making and the apparent failure of the evidence-based policy paradigm to free the process from controversy and contestation. Ideational approaches are concerned with the roles played by ideas and beliefs in policy making, while social construction explores the way policy problems are constructed, and agendas are set and delineated by dominant frames and narratives. Interest in these approaches has developed over the last two decades, but has rapidly gained momentum over the last five years. There has been limited reflection on the state of the field, therefore it is timely to conduct a review of the literature to assess the value of these approaches, capture emerging themes and issues, and identify gaps in the literature to support future research directions. Using the Arksey and O\'Malley framework, a scoping review was conducted to survey the breadth of the field. Following database and hand searching, 48 studies from 1996 to 2016 were selected for inclusion in the review. A narrative synthesis was undertaken and the literature was grouped into five broad theoretical approaches: ideational policy theory, problem construction, narratives and frames (including media analysis), construction of target populations, and policy transfer and mobilities. The majority of the studies are focused on single countries and drug policy issues, with few studies undertaking comparative work or reflecting on general theoretical developments in the literature. This study found that the Arksey and O\'Malley framework was effective in capturing a potentially diverse field of literature and demonstrates the importance of ideational and social constructionist approaches to drug policy scholarship. Further research is required to achieve expanded geographic coverage, test policy making models and undertake comparative work.
摘要：
在毒品政策奖学金中，越来越多的文献采用了观念和社会建构主义方法来解决毒品政策制定的复杂性以及基于证据的政策范式显然未能将这一过程从争议和争论中解放出来。思想方法关注思想和信念在政策制定中的作用，在社会建设探索政策问题构建方式的同时，议程是由主导框架和叙述来设定和描绘的。在过去的二十年中，人们对这些方法产生了兴趣，但在过去五年中迅速获得了势头。对田野状态的反思有限，因此，对文献进行回顾以评估这些方法的价值是及时的，捕捉新出现的主题和问题，并找出文献中的空白，以支持未来的研究方向。使用Arksey和O\'Malley框架，进行了范围审查，以调查该领域的广度。在数据库和手工搜索之后，选择了1996年至2016年的48项研究纳入审查。进行了叙事综合，并将文献分为五种广泛的理论方法：观念政策理论，问题建构,叙述和框架(包括媒体分析)，目标人群的建设，以及政策转移和流动性。大多数研究集中在单一国家和毒品政策问题上，很少有研究进行比较工作或反思文学中的一般理论发展。这项研究发现，Arksey和O'Malley框架有效地捕获了潜在的多元化文学领域，并证明了概念和社会建构主义方法对毒品政策奖学金的重要性。需要进一步研究以实现扩大的地理覆盖范围，测试政策制定模型，开展比较工作。
