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Abstract：
Psychobiological aspects of low-dose benzodiazepine dependence (LBD) and drug withdrawal were investigated in 76 middle-aged and elderly chronic insomniacs in a sleep laboratory. Comparison with drug-free insomniacs showed that LBD leads to a complete loss of hypnotic activity and substantial suppression of delta and REM sleep. Only small differences were found between benzodiazepines with different half-life time. Upon withdrawal, recovery from this suppression, especially in REM sleep, occurred, while insomnia did not increase. The patients, however, reported sleeping longer while taking the drug compared with withdrawal. This misperception seems to be a specific effect of benzodiazepines, and contrasts with the full awareness of insomnia upon withdrawal. It is concluded that these effects play a leading role in the patients\' inability to escape their sleeping pills. The response of REM sleep to withdrawal should make this a useful measure to objectively confirm low-dose benzodiazepine dependence.
摘要：
在睡眠实验室的76名中年和老年慢性失眠患者中，研究了低剂量苯二氮卓类药物依赖（LBD）和停药的心理生物学方面。与无药失眠症患者的比较表明，LBD导致催眠活性完全丧失，并大量抑制δ和REM睡眠。在半衰期不同的苯二氮卓类药物之间仅发现很小的差异。撤回后，从这种压制中恢复，尤其是在REM睡眠中，发生,失眠没有增加。病人,然而,与戒断相比，服用药物时睡眠时间更长。这种误解似乎是苯二氮卓类药物的特定作用，与戒断后对失眠的充分意识形成对比。结论是，这些影响在患者无法逃脱安眠药中起着主导作用。REM睡眠对戒断的反应应使其成为客观确认低剂量苯二氮卓类药物依赖性的有用措施。
