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Abstract：
BACKGROUND: A urinary tract infection (UTI) is a frequent pathology in outpatients and admitted patients as well. In recent years, there has been an increase in the resistance of germs responsible for UTI to tested antibiotics, particularly because of the emergence of Enterobacteria secreting extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL).
OBJECTIVE: The aim of this work was to study the epidemiology of germs responsible for urinary tract infections and their antibiotic sensitivity at three clinical laboratories in the city of Nouakchott (Mauritania) in all patients presenting to these laboratories for urine culture during a period of six months.
METHODS: This is a prospective study conducted at three clinical laboratories in Nouakchott, over a period of six months from January 1st to June 30th 2014 for all patients coming to these laboratories for urinalysis test during this period. The culture was performed according to the usual techniques, and the antibiogram was done according to the recommendations of the Antibiogram Committee of the French Society of Microbiology. The statistical analysis was performed using SPSS Statistics 20.
RESULTS: From 3082 urine exam, 568 were positive, which means 18.4%. These infections were for hospitalized patients (17.8%) and outpatients in particular (82.2%). Sex ratio F/M was 1.6. The epidemiology of urinary tract infections in these three medical analysis laboratories is comparable to the past studies data regarding age, sex, and the bacteria, the most frequently responsible (Escherichia coli 64.4%). But differences in the resistance of E. coli are observed: higher resistance to beta-lactam antibiotics, the quinolones, the fluoroquinolones, and cotrimoxazol. UTI was common in patients with urinary catheter (64.9%), diabetics (52.4%), hospitalized patients (49.3%) and pregnant women (38.7%). The prevalence of urinary tract infections caused by Enterobacteria ESBL in our study was 12.8%, of all urinary tract infections caused by Enterobacteria; 10.4 and 20.4% of the E. coli and Klebsiella spp, respectively produced a ESBL.
CONCLUSIONS: The distribution of germs in our study is comparable to the literature, however, antibiotic resistance is higher in our study, which is probably a result of the inappropriate use of these drugs in our country, therefore it is important for us to create a good strategy to supply and distribute these drugs, as well as the review of the empirical treatment of UTI in our country.
METHODS: 4.
OBJECTIVE: The aim of this work was to study the epidemiology of germs responsible for urinary tract infections and their antibiotic sensitivity at three clinical laboratories in the city of Nouakchott (Mauritania) in all patients presenting to these laboratories for urine culture during a period of six months.
METHODS: This is a prospective study conducted at three clinical laboratories in Nouakchott, over a period of six months from January 1st to June 30th 2014 for all patients coming to these laboratories for urinalysis test during this period. The culture was performed according to the usual techniques, and the antibiogram was done according to the recommendations of the Antibiogram Committee of the French Society of Microbiology. The statistical analysis was performed using SPSS Statistics 20.
RESULTS: From 3082 urine exam, 568 were positive, which means 18.4%. These infections were for hospitalized patients (17.8%) and outpatients in particular (82.2%). Sex ratio F/M was 1.6. The epidemiology of urinary tract infections in these three medical analysis laboratories is comparable to the past studies data regarding age, sex, and the bacteria, the most frequently responsible (Escherichia coli 64.4%). But differences in the resistance of E. coli are observed: higher resistance to beta-lactam antibiotics, the quinolones, the fluoroquinolones, and cotrimoxazol. UTI was common in patients with urinary catheter (64.9%), diabetics (52.4%), hospitalized patients (49.3%) and pregnant women (38.7%). The prevalence of urinary tract infections caused by Enterobacteria ESBL in our study was 12.8%, of all urinary tract infections caused by Enterobacteria; 10.4 and 20.4% of the E. coli and Klebsiella spp, respectively produced a ESBL.
CONCLUSIONS: The distribution of germs in our study is comparable to the literature, however, antibiotic resistance is higher in our study, which is probably a result of the inappropriate use of these drugs in our country, therefore it is important for us to create a good strategy to supply and distribute these drugs, as well as the review of the empirical treatment of UTI in our country.
METHODS: 4.
摘要：
背景：尿路感染（UTI）是门诊患者和入院患者的常见病理。近年来,导致UTI的细菌对测试抗生素的抗性增加，特别是因为肠杆菌分泌超广谱β-内酰胺酶（ESBL）的出现。
目的：这项工作的目的是在努瓦克肖特市（毛里塔尼亚）的三个临床实验室中研究引起尿路感染的细菌的流行病学及其对抗生素的敏感性。在六个月的时间内到这些实验室进行尿培养。
方法：这是一项在努瓦克肖特的三个临床实验室进行的前瞻性研究，从2014年1月1日至6月30日的六个月内，所有在此期间来这些实验室进行尿液分析测试的患者。根据常规技术进行培养，根据法国微生物学会抗菌委员会的建议进行抗菌分析。使用SPSSStatistics20进行统计分析。
结果：来自3082次尿液检查，568为阳性，这意味着18.4%。这些感染是住院患者（17.8％），尤其是门诊患者（82.2％）。性别比F/M为1.6。这三个医学分析实验室的尿路感染流行病学与过去关于年龄的研究数据相当，性别,和细菌，最常见的责任（大肠杆菌64.4%）。但是观察到大肠杆菌耐药性的差异：对β-内酰胺类抗生素的耐药性更高，喹诺酮类药物,氟喹诺酮类药物,和cotrimoxazol.尿路感染在导尿管患者中很常见（64.9%），糖尿病患者（52.4%），住院患者（49.3%）和孕妇（38.7%）。在我们的研究中，由肠杆菌ESBL引起的尿路感染的患病率为12.8％，肠杆菌引起的所有尿路感染；10.4％和20.4％的大肠杆菌和克雷伯菌属，分别产生了ESBL。
结论：我们研究中的细菌分布与文献相当，然而,在我们的研究中，抗生素耐药性更高，这可能是我们国家不适当使用这些药物的结果，因此，我们必须制定一个良好的战略来供应和分销这些药物，以及我国对UTI经验处理的回顾。
方法：4.
目的：这项工作的目的是在努瓦克肖特市（毛里塔尼亚）的三个临床实验室中研究引起尿路感染的细菌的流行病学及其对抗生素的敏感性。在六个月的时间内到这些实验室进行尿培养。
方法：这是一项在努瓦克肖特的三个临床实验室进行的前瞻性研究，从2014年1月1日至6月30日的六个月内，所有在此期间来这些实验室进行尿液分析测试的患者。根据常规技术进行培养，根据法国微生物学会抗菌委员会的建议进行抗菌分析。使用SPSSStatistics20进行统计分析。
结果：来自3082次尿液检查，568为阳性，这意味着18.4%。这些感染是住院患者（17.8％），尤其是门诊患者（82.2％）。性别比F/M为1.6。这三个医学分析实验室的尿路感染流行病学与过去关于年龄的研究数据相当，性别,和细菌，最常见的责任（大肠杆菌64.4%）。但是观察到大肠杆菌耐药性的差异：对β-内酰胺类抗生素的耐药性更高，喹诺酮类药物,氟喹诺酮类药物,和cotrimoxazol.尿路感染在导尿管患者中很常见（64.9%），糖尿病患者（52.4%），住院患者（49.3%）和孕妇（38.7%）。在我们的研究中，由肠杆菌ESBL引起的尿路感染的患病率为12.8％，肠杆菌引起的所有尿路感染；10.4％和20.4％的大肠杆菌和克雷伯菌属，分别产生了ESBL。
结论：我们研究中的细菌分布与文献相当，然而,在我们的研究中，抗生素耐药性更高，这可能是我们国家不适当使用这些药物的结果，因此，我们必须制定一个良好的战略来供应和分销这些药物，以及我国对UTI经验处理的回顾。
方法：4.
