Abstract：
Eating disorders (EDs) and overweight/obesity (OW/OB) are serious public health concerns that share common neuropsychological features and patterns of disturbed eating. Reward-related decision making as a basic neurocognitive function may trans-diagnostically underlie both pathological overeating and restricted eating. The present meta-analysis synthesizes the evidence from N=82 neuropsychological studies for altered reward-related decision making in all ED subtypes, OW and OB. The overall effect sizes for the differences between currently-ill ED patients and OW/OB people and controls were Hedge\'s g=-0.49 [CI: -0.63; -0.35], and Hedge\'s g=-0.39 [CI: -0.53; -0.25], respectively. Decision making was found to be altered to similar degrees in all ED subtypes and OB. Effect sizes, however, diverged for the different measures of decision making. Adolescents appear to be less affected than adults. When foods were used as rewarding stimuli, decision making was found to be intact in OB. The findings support that altered general reward-related decision making is a salient neuropsychological factor across eating and weight disorders in adulthood.
摘要：
饮食失调（ED）和超重/肥胖（OW/OB）是严重的公共卫生问题，具有共同的神经心理特征和饮食失调的模式。与奖励相关的决策作为基本的神经认知功能，可能在诊断上是病理性暴饮暴食和限制进食的基础。本荟萃分析综合了N=82项神经心理学研究中所有ED亚型的奖励相关决策改变的证据，OW和OB。目前患有ED的患者与OW/OB的患者和对照组之间的差异的总体效应大小为Hedge/sg=-0.49[CI：-0.63;-0.35]，和对冲的g=-0.39[CI：-0.53；-0.25]，分别。发现在所有ED亚型和OB中，决策的变化程度相似。效果大小,然而,不同的决策措施。青少年似乎比成年人受影响小。当食物被用作奖励刺激时，在OB中发现决策完好无损。研究结果支持，改变一般奖励相关的决策是成年后饮食和体重紊乱的一个显著的神经心理因素。
