关键词： AA, arachidonic acid BMI, body mass index CVD, cardiovascular disease DAG, diacylglycerol DBP, diastolic blood pressure DGLA, dihomo-gamma-linolenic acid DNL, de novo lipogenesis FATPs, fatty acid transport proteins FFA, free fatty acids Free fatty acids GLA, γ-linolenic acid HA, heptadecanoic acid HDL, high-density lipoprotein HO, metabolically healthy obese HbA1c, glycated hemoglobin Insulin resistance LA, linoleic acid LDL, low-density lipoprotein MS, metabolic syndrome MUFA, monounsaturated acid Metabolic syndrome NAFLD, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease NW, normal weight OGTT, oral glucose tolerance test OPLS-DA, orthogonal partial least square discriminant analysis Obesity PA, palmitoleic acid PUFA, polyunsaturated fatty acid RSD, relative standard deviation SBP, systolic blood pressure SCD, stearoyl-CoA desaturase SFA, saturated fatty acid SHDS, the Shanghai Diabetes Study SHOS, the Shanghai Obesity Study T2D, type 2 diabetes TC, total cholesterol TG, triglycerides Type 2 diabetes UFA, unsaturated fatty acid UO, metabolically unhealthy obese Unsaturated fatty acids VLCD, very low carbohydrate diet

Mesh ： Adult Biomarkers Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid Cluster Analysis Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / blood complications Fatty Acids, Unsaturated / blood Female Humans Male Metabolic Syndrome / blood etiology Metabolome Metabolomics / methods Middle Aged Obesity / blood complications diet therapy metabolism Odds Ratio Overweight / blood complications Phenotype Spectrometry, Mass, Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption-Ionization

来  源：   DOI：10.1016/j.ebiom.2015.09.004   PDF(Sci-hub)

Abstract：
BACKGROUND: Obesity is not a homogeneous condition across individuals since about 25-40% of obese individuals can maintain healthy status with no apparent signs of metabolic complications. The simple anthropometric measure of body mass index does not always reflect the biological effects of excessive body fat on health, thus additional molecular characterizations of obese phenotypes are needed to assess the risk of developing subsequent metabolic conditions at an individual level.
METHODS: To better understand the associations of free fatty acids (FFAs) with metabolic phenotypes of obesity, we applied a targeted metabolomics approach to measure 40 serum FFAs from 452 individuals who participated in four independent studies, using an ultra-performance liquid chromatograph coupled to a Xevo G2 quadruple time-of-flight mass spectrometer.
RESULTS: FFA levels were significantly elevated in overweight/obese subjects with diabetes compared to their healthy counterparts. We identified a group of unsaturated fatty acids (UFAs) that are closely correlated with metabolic status in two groups of obese individuals who underwent weight loss intervention and can predict the recurrence of diabetes at two years after metabolic surgery. Two UFAs, dihomo-gamma-linolenic acid and palmitoleic acid, were also able to predict the future development of metabolic syndrome (MS) in a group of obese subjects.
CONCLUSIONS: These findings underscore the potential role of UFAs in the MS pathogenesis and also as important markers in predicting the risk of developing diabetes in obese individuals or diabetes remission after a metabolic surgery.
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