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Abstract：
BACKGROUND: Extrapulmonary and extra-spinal tuberculosis (TB) is rare, even in countries where the disease is endemic. Ten percent of these localizations are cervico-facial. Involvement of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) is very unusual. We present the features of such a case.
METHODS: We looked for patients managed for TMJ TB in 2 Maxillofacial Surgery departments and in 1 Pneumology & Phthisiology Department since 1992. The second part of the study was a literature review. One case was found in our departments and 15 other cases were found in published data. Most patients were women with mean age of 39.9 years (5 to 68). Pre-auricular swelling was the predominant functional sign, often without fever or change in the health status. The biological and radiological abnormalities were non-specific (osteolysis, joint pinching, etc.). No lung involvement was observed. The joint recovered its normal function after appropriate management.
CONCLUSIONS: Tuberculosis of the TMJ is difficult to diagnose given its rarity and the non-specific nature of clinical and paraclinical signs. It must be considered in the differential diagnosis for common diseases of the TMJ whether TB is endemic or not.
METHODS: We looked for patients managed for TMJ TB in 2 Maxillofacial Surgery departments and in 1 Pneumology & Phthisiology Department since 1992. The second part of the study was a literature review. One case was found in our departments and 15 other cases were found in published data. Most patients were women with mean age of 39.9 years (5 to 68). Pre-auricular swelling was the predominant functional sign, often without fever or change in the health status. The biological and radiological abnormalities were non-specific (osteolysis, joint pinching, etc.). No lung involvement was observed. The joint recovered its normal function after appropriate management.
CONCLUSIONS: Tuberculosis of the TMJ is difficult to diagnose given its rarity and the non-specific nature of clinical and paraclinical signs. It must be considered in the differential diagnosis for common diseases of the TMJ whether TB is endemic or not.
摘要：
背景：肺外和脊柱外结核（TB）很少见，即使在疾病流行的国家。这些局部化的百分之十是颈面部。颞下颌关节（TMJ）的参与非常罕见。我们介绍了这种情况的特征。
方法：自1992年以来，我们在2个颌面外科和1个气动和Phthisiology部门寻找了治疗TMJTB的患者。第二部分为文献综述。在我们的部门发现了一个病例，在公布的数据中发现了15个其他病例。大多数患者是平均年龄为39.9岁（5至68岁）的女性。耳前肿胀是主要的功能体征，通常没有发烧或健康状况的变化。生物学和放射学异常是非特异性的（骨溶解，关节捏,等。).未观察到肺受累。经过适当的管理，关节恢复了正常功能。
结论：TMJ的结核病由于其稀有性以及临床和副临床体征的非特异性而难以诊断。在TMJ常见疾病的鉴别诊断中，必须考虑结核病是否是地方性结核病。
方法：自1992年以来，我们在2个颌面外科和1个气动和Phthisiology部门寻找了治疗TMJTB的患者。第二部分为文献综述。在我们的部门发现了一个病例，在公布的数据中发现了15个其他病例。大多数患者是平均年龄为39.9岁（5至68岁）的女性。耳前肿胀是主要的功能体征，通常没有发烧或健康状况的变化。生物学和放射学异常是非特异性的（骨溶解，关节捏,等。).未观察到肺受累。经过适当的管理，关节恢复了正常功能。
结论：TMJ的结核病由于其稀有性以及临床和副临床体征的非特异性而难以诊断。在TMJ常见疾病的鉴别诊断中，必须考虑结核病是否是地方性结核病。
