关键词： AIN Alp American Institute of Nutrition BAP BFR BMD BMP BV/TV Bone histomorphometry Coll1a Conn Density DP DPD DXA Dried plum Estrogen GI HD IGF-I LD MAR MD MS Menopause N-terminal propeptide of type I procollagen Nfatc1 OPG OVX Osteoporosis P1NP PTH Parathyroid hormone Rankl Runx2 SD SHAM SHAM operated Sprague Dawley TNF-α TRAP TbN TbSp TbTh VOI alkaline phosphatase bone formation rate bone mineral density bone morphogenetic protein bone volume per total volume bone-specific alkaline phosphatase connectivity density deoxypyridinoline crosslinks dried plum dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry gastrointestinal tract high dose dried plum insulin-like growth factor-I low dose dried plum medium dose dried plum micro-computed tomography mineral apposition rate mineralizing surface nuclear factor for activated T cells 1 osteoprotegerin ovariectomized parathyroid hormone receptor activator for NF-kappa B ligand runt-related transcription factor 2 tartrate resistant acid phosphatase trabecular number trabecular separation trabecular thickness tumor necrosis factor-alpha type I collagen volume of interest μCT

Mesh ： Animals Biomarkers / metabolism Body Weight / drug effects Bone Density / drug effects Bone Diseases, Metabolic / drug therapy metabolism physiopathology Bone and Bones / drug effects metabolism pathology physiopathology Densitometry Dietary Supplements Female Gene Expression Regulation / drug effects Organ Size / drug effects Osteogenesis / drug effects genetics Ovariectomy Parathyroid Hormone / pharmacology therapeutic use Phytotherapy Plant Extracts / pharmacology therapeutic use Prunus / chemistry Rats Rats, Sprague-Dawley Tibia / diagnostic imaging drug effects metabolism physiopathology Uterus / drug effects pathology X-Ray Microtomography

来  源：   DOI：10.1016/j.bone.2013.10.005

Abstract：
Dried plum has been reported to have potent effects on bone in osteopenic animal models, but the mechanisms through which bone metabolism is altered in vivo remain unclear. To address this issue, a study comparing the metabolic response of dried plum to the anabolic agent, parathyroid hormone (PTH), was undertaken. Six month-old female Sprague Dawley rats (n=84) were sham-operated (SHAM) or ovariectomized (OVX) and maintained on a control diet for 6wks until osteopenia was confirmed. Treatments were initiated consisting of a control diet (AIN-93M) supplemented with dried plum (0, 5, 15 or 25%; w/w) or a positive control group receiving PTH. At the end of 6wks of treatment, whole body and femoral bone mineral density (BMD) were restored by the two higher doses of dried plum to the level of the SHAM group. Trabecular bone volume and cortical thickness were also improved with these two doses of dried plum. Dried plum suppressed the OVX-induced increase in bone turnover as indicated by systemic biomarkers of bone metabolism, N-terminal procollagen type 1 (P1NP) and deoxypyridinoline (DPD). Dynamic bone histomorphometric analysis of the tibial metaphysis revealed that dried plum restored the OVX-induced increase in cancellous bone formation rate (BFR) and mineralizing surface (MS/BS) to the SHAM group, but some doses of dried plum increased endocortical mineral apposition rate (MAR). As expected, PTH significantly increased endocortical MAR and BFR, periosteal BFR, and trabecular MAR and BFR beyond that of the OVX and maintained the accelerated rate of bone resorption associated with OVX. Dried plum up-regulated bone morphogenetic protein 4 (Bmp4) and insulin-like growth factor 1 (Igf1) while down-regulating nuclear factor T cell activator 1 (Nfatc1). These findings demonstrate that in the adult osteopenic OVX animal, the effects of dried plum differ from that of PTH in that dried plum primarily suppressed bone turnover with the exception of the indices of bone formation at the endocortical surface.
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