目的:本研究调查鼻咽癌(NPC)放疗后颈动脉狭窄(CAS)及相关危险因素。
方法:观察组包括86例复查的鼻咽癌患者,根据放疗后持续时间分为第1组和第2组,34例新诊断的NPC患者(第0组)。进行颈动脉超声检查和卡方分析。
结果:中度至重度血管异常仅发生在第2组。以轻度血管异常为标准,2组和0组的总体血管异常率分别为65.9%和41.2%,分别。在第2组和第0组中,单侧颈动脉(UCA)的异常率,颈总动脉(CCA),颈内动脉(ICA),颈外动脉(ECA)分别为47.4%和30.9%,44.3%和22.1%,44.3%和16.2%,和39.8%和5.9%,分别。比较第1组至第0组,只有UCA异常有统计学意义(45.4%vs.30.9%)。以中度至重度血管异常为标准,第2组总体血管较高,UCA,CCA,ICA,与第0组相比,ECA异常率。重访的年龄超过45岁,T级,N阶段可能会影响CAS。
结论:3年后辐射增加CAS发生率。所以,建议在放疗3年后进行定期检查以动态监测CAS。
OBJECTIVE: This study investigated carotid artery stenosis (CAS) and associated risk factors in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) post-radiotherapy.
METHODS: The observation group comprised 86 reexamined patients with NPC, divided into Group 1 and Group 2 based on post-radiotherapy duration, alongside 34 newly diagnosed patients with NPC (Group 0). Carotid artery ultrasonography and chi-square analysis were performed.
RESULTS: Moderate-to-severe vascular abnormalities were exclusively in Group 2. Considering mild vascular abnormalities as the standard, the overall vascular abnormality rates in Group 2 and Group 0 were 65.9% and 41.2%, respectively. In Group 2 and Group 0, the abnormality rates for unilateral carotid artery (UCA), common carotid artery (CCA), internal carotid artery (ICA), and external carotid artery (ECA) were 47.4% and 30.9%, 44.3% and 22.1%, 44.3% and 16.2%, and 39.8% and 5.9%, respectively. Comparing group 1 to group 0, only UCA abnormalities were statistically significant (45.4% vs. 30.9%). Considering moderate-to-severe vascular abnormalities as the standard, Group 2 had higher overall vascular, UCA, CCA, ICA, and ECA abnormality rates compared to Group 0. The age at revisit over 45 years, T stage, and N stage may influence CAS.
CONCLUSIONS: Radiation increasing CAS incidence after 3 years. So, regular examinations are recommended to dynamically monitor CAS after 3 years of radiotherapy.