OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effects of mild SARS-CoV-2 infection on hematological parameters of adult blood donors and the suitability of apheresis platelet donation, the changes of the hematological parameters in blood donors with mild infection of the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant strain were evaluated.
METHODS: Seventy-two blood donors with mild COVID-19 symptoms who donated consecutive apheresis platelets for 3 times from December 2022 to January 2023, 42 cases among which were included in the infection-positive group, and 30 cases in the suspected infection group. Forty-two donors un-vaccinated against SARS-CoV-2, un-infected, and donated three consecutive apheresis platelets from October to November 2022 were included in the control group. The changes of blood routine testing in the positive group and the suspected infection group were retrospectively compared before (Time1) and after (Time2 and Time3) the onset of symptoms, three consecutive times (Time1, Time2, Time3) in the control group by repeated measures analysis of variance. The Bayesian discriminant method was used to establish a discriminant equation to determine whether the recent infection of SARS-CoV-2 occurred or not.
RESULTS: Simple effect of the number times of tests in the positive and suspected infection groups was significant（ Finfection-positive group=6.98, P < 0.001, partial η2=0.79, Fsuspected infection group=4.31, P < 0.001, partial η2=0.70）. The positive group and the suspected infection group had lower RBC, HCT, and HGB, and higher PLT and PCT at Time2 compared to Time1 and Time3(P < 0.05). The positive group and the suspected infection group showes RDW-CV and RDW-SD at Time3 higher than Time1 and Time2 (P < 0.001). The simple effect of the number times of tests in the control group was not significant ( F=0.96, P =0.55, partial η2=0.34). The difference of the whole blood count parameters in the control group for three times was not statistically significant (P >0.05). We established a discriminant equation to determine whether the recent infection of SARS-CoV-2 occurred or not. The equation had an eigenvalue of 0.22, a canonical correlation of 0.43 (χ2=27.81, P < 0.001), and an analysis accuracy of 72.9%.
CONCLUSIONS: The hematological indicators of RBC, HCT, HGB, PLT, PCT, RDW-CV and RDW-SD in blood donors who had infected with mild COVID-19 showed dynamic changes. The discriminant equation for whether they are infected recently with COVID-19 has a high accuracy rate.
UNASSIGNED: 新冠病毒轻型感染对献血者血液学指标及捐献单采血小板适宜性的影响.
UNASSIGNED: 通过对新冠病毒Omicron变异株轻型感染献血者血液学指标的变化分析，探讨新冠病毒轻型感染对成人血液学指标的影响，进而评估其对捐献单采血小板适宜性的影响。.
UNASSIGNED: 以2022年12月-2023年1月期间出现新冠病毒轻型感染症状、连续捐献单采血小板3次的72例献血者（其中阳性组42例，疑似感染组30例）和2022年10月-11月期间未接种新冠疫苗、未感染新冠病毒、连续捐献3次单采血小板的42例献血者（对照组）为研究对象，通过重复测量方差分析法回顾性比较阳性组和疑似感染组出现症状前（Time1）后（Time2和Time3）及对照组连续3次（Time1、Time2、Time3）的血常规变化，并采用贝叶斯判别法建立近期是否感染新冠病毒的判别方程式。.
UNASSIGNED: 阳性组和疑似感染组组内测量次数的简单效应显著（ F阳性组=6.98，P < 0.001，偏η2=0.79； F疑似感染组=4.31，P < 0.001，偏η2=0.70）；阳性组、疑似感染组Time2与Time1、Time3血常规指标相比较，RBC、HCT、HGB降低，PLT与PCT明显升高（P < 0.05），阳性组、疑似感染组Time3的RDW-CV、RDW-SD与Time1、Time2相比均明显升高（P < 0.001）。对照组组内测量次数简单效应不显著（ F=0.96，P =0.55,偏η2=0.34）；组内3次血常规指标差异无统计学意义（P >0.05）。建立“近期是否感染新冠病毒”的判别方程式，方程特征值是0.22，典型相关性为0.43（χ2=27.81，P < 0.001），分析正确率为72.9%。.
UNASSIGNED: 新冠病毒轻型感染献血者血液学指标中RBC、HCT、HGB、PLT、PCT、RDW-CV和RDW-SD呈动态变化，近期是否感染新冠病毒的判别方程式有较高的准确率。.

暂无摘要。

Our group generated two induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) lines for in vitro red blood cell (RBC) production from blood donors with extensively known erythrocyte antigen profiles. One line was intended to give rise to RBCs for transfusions in patients with sickle cell disease (SCD), while the other was developed to create RBC panel reagents. Two blood donors were selected based on their RBC phenotypes, further complemented by high-throughput DNA array analysis to obtain a more comprehensive erythrocyte antigen profile. Enriched erythroblast populations from the donors\' peripheral blood mononuclear cells were reprogrammed into iPSCs using nonintegrative plasmid vectors. The iPSC lines were characterized and subsequently subjected to hematopoietic differentiation. iPSC PB02 and iPSC PB12 demonstrated in vitro and in vivo iPSC features and retained the genotype of each blood donor\'s RBC antigen profile. Colony-forming cell assays confirmed that iPSC PB02 and iPSC PB12 generated hematopoietic progenitors. These two iPSC lines were generated with defined erythrocyte antigen profiles, self-renewal capacity, and hematopoietic differentiation potential. With improvements in hematopoietic differentiation, these cells could potentially be more efficiently differentiated into RBCs in the future. They could serve as a complementary approach for obtaining donor-independent RBCs and addressing specific demands for blood transfusions.

We analyzed West Nile Virus (WNV) exposure from 1,222 blood donors during 2017-2018 from an area of south-central Spain. Results revealed WNV seroprevalence of 0.08% (95% CI 0.004%-0.4%) in this population. Our findings underscore the need for continued surveillance and research to manage WNV infection in this region.

The high number of D variants can lead to the unnecessary use of Rh immune globulin, overuse of D- RBC units, and anti-D allommunization. D variant prevalence varies among ethnic groups, and knowledge of the main variants present in a specific population, their behavior in serologic tests, and their impact on clinical practice is crucial to define the best serologic tests for routine use. The present study aimed to explore the serologic profile of D variants and to determine which variants are most associated with false-negative D typing results and alloimmunization. Donor samples were selected in two study periods. During the first period, D typing was performed on a semi-automated instrument in microplates, and weak D tests were conducted in tube or gel tests. In the second period, D typing was carried out using an automated instrument with microplates, and weak D tests were performed in solid phase. Samples from patients typed as D+ with anti-D were also selected. All samples were characterized by molecular testing. A total of 37 RHD variants were identified. Discrepancies and atypical reactivity without anti-D formation were observed in 83.4 percent of the samples, discrepant D typing results between donations were seen in 12.3 percent, and D+ patients with anti-D comprised 4.3 percent. DAR1.2 was the most prevalent variant. Weak D type 38 was responsible for 75 percent of discrepant samples, followed by weak D type 11, predominantly detected by solid phase. Among the D variants related to alloimmunization, DIVa was the most prevalent, which was not recognized by serologic testing; the same was true for DIIIc. The results highlight the importance of selecting tests for donor screening capable of detecting weak D types 38 and 11, especially in populations where these variants are more prevalent. In pre-transfusion testing, it is crucial that D typing reagents demonstrate weak reactivity with DAR variants; having a serologic strategy to recognize DIVa and DIIIc is also valuable.

暂无摘要。

UNASSIGNED: Platelet concentrates are blood products obtained from donor\'s blood, and their conservation must be subject to a strict quality control process to guarantee a safe and high-performance product in treating diseases that require their use.
UNASSIGNED: We designed a cross-sectional study to determine the total compliance rate in platelet concentrates obtained in the blood bank of the Cayetano Heredia Hospital in Lima during November and December of 2019. The Buffy method Coat obtained the platelet concentrates, and parameters such as platelet count and residual leukocytes, pH, and swirling effect were evaluated according to the National Hemotherapy and Blood Bank Program criteria.
UNASSIGNED: The platelet count had a mean of 6.66 ± 3.94 x 10¹⁰/µL, the platelet concentrates had a mean of 56.30 ± 6.22 mL, and all, without exception, had the presence of the Swirling phenomenon. The pH had a mean of 7.64 ± 0.15, while the leukocyte count had a mean of 4.22 ± 3.51 x 10⁷/µL. Regarding compliance by the parameters evaluated, it was evident that the platelet and leukocyte count had moderate compliance rates of 43.6% and 24.1%, while the pH and swirling effect had rates of 100% in both cases. The total compliance rate was 54.9% (95% confidence interval: 46.0 to 63.5).
UNASSIGNED: The compliance rate of platelet concentrates is moderate, and it is necessary to implement a process of continuous quality improvement in the blood bank.
UNASSIGNED: Los concentrados plaquetarios son hemoderivados obtenidos de la sangre, y su conservación debe estar supeditada a un estricto proceso de control de calidad para garantizar un producto inocuo y de alto rendimiento en el tratamiento de enfermedades que requieran su uso.
UNASSIGNED: Diseñamos un estudio transversal que tuvo por objetivo determinar la tasa de conformidad total en concentrados plaquetarios obtenidos en el banco de sangre del Hospital Cayetano Heredia de Lima durante los meses de noviembre y diciembre del año 2019. Los concentrados plaquetarios fueron obtenidos por el método de Buffy Coat y se evaluaron parámetros como el recuento de plaquetas y leucocitos residuales, pH y efecto swirling, según criterios del Programa Nacional de Hemoterapia y Bancos de Sangre.
UNASSIGNED: El recuento de plaquetas tuvo una media de 6.66 ± 3.94 x1010/µL y los concentrados plaquetarios tuvieron una media de 56.30 ± 6.22 mL, y todos sin excepción tuvieron presencia de fenómeno Swirling. El pH tuvo una media de 7.64 ± 0.15, mientras que el recuento de leucocitos tuvo una media de 4.22 ± 3.51 x107/µL. En cuanto al cumplimiento por parámetro evaluado, se evidenció que el recuento de plaquetas y leucocitos tuvieron tasas de conformidad de 43.6% y 24.1%, mientras que el pH y efecto swirling tuvieron tasas del 100% en ambos casos. La tasa de conformidad total fue 54.9% (CI95%: 46.0 a 63.5).
UNASSIGNED: La tasa de conformidad de los concentrados plaquetarios es moderada, y se requiere implementar un proceso de mejora continua de la calidad en el banco de sangre.

BACKGROUND: Inefficient blood transfusions present a significant challenge, leading to the wastage of crucial blood resources and increased medical expenses. This study aims to address this issue by providing a comprehensive analysis of a case involving an ineffective clinical transfusion and outlining the significance of identifying multiple alloantibodies in resolving transfusion challenges.
METHODS: We present a detailed follow-up on a patient treatment journey, highlighting the critical role of identifying multiple alloantibodies through various methodologies in addressing the transfusion problem. Subsequently, a strategic intervention was implemented, leading to a successful patient outcome.
CONCLUSIONS: This study underscores the importance of conducting a thorough analysis of ineffective transfusions and implementing scientifically formulated transfusion plans based on rational explanations. Such an approach not only improves hemoglobin levels but also contributes to better patient outcomes, thereby reducing blood resource wastage and medical costs.

Syphilis, caused by Treponema pallidum, is resurging globally. Molecular typing allows for the investigation of its epidemiology. In Pakistan and other nations, T. pallidum subsp. pallidum has developed widespread macrolide resistance in the past decade. A study at the Peshawar Regional Blood Centre from June 2020-June 2021 analyzed serum samples from 32,812 blood donors in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan, to assess circulating T. pallidum strains and antibiotic resistance. Blood samples were initially screened for T. pallidum antibodies using a chemiluminescent microparticle immunoassay (CMIA). CMIA-reactive samples underwent polymerase chain reaction (PCR) targeted the polA, tpp47, bmp, and tp0319 genes. PCR-positive samples were further analyzed for molecular subtyping using a CDC-developed procedure and tp0548 gene examination. All PCR-positive samples were analyzed for the presence of point mutations A2058G and A2059G in 23S rRNA, as well as the G1058C mutation in 16S rRNA. These mutations are known to impart antimicrobial resistance to macrolides and doxycycline, respectively. Out of 32,812 serum samples, 272 (0.83%) were CMIA-reactive, with 46 being PCR-positive. Nine T. pallidum subtypes were identified, predominantly 14d/f. The A2058G mutation in 23S rRNA was found in 78% of cases, while G1058C in 16S rRNA and A2059G in 23S rRNA were absent. The research found donor blood useful for assessing T. pallidum molecular subtypes and antibiotic resistance, especially when chancres are not present. The prevalent subtype was 14d/f (51.85%), and the high macrolide resistance of 36 (78%) indicates caution in using macrolides for syphilis treatment in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan.

The objective of this research undertaking was to examine the attitudes of King Khalid University undergraduates enrolled in various health disciplines regarding blood donation. Undergraduates of health disciplines participated in this study. The survey questions were administered through Google Forms, and the data was imported into GraphPad Prism for visualization and analytical purposes. A greater proportion of participants were male, with males accounting for 63.2% of the sample, while females accounted for 36.8%. The findings given in this research illustrate a wide range of attitudes regarding the practice of blood donation. A notable percentage of the participants had a favorable predisposition towards engaging in voluntary blood donation. Nevertheless, a significant degree of variability was observed among individuals with regards to their attitudes toward several variables, including fear, motivation, and their preferred location for making donations. The participants expressed negative attitudes against the practice of importing blood and the recognition of personal accountability in engaging in blood donation for the sake of society. One potential solution to address the unfavorable attitudes among students towards blood donation is the implementation of educational programs focused on blood donation and its associated benefits. Additionally, incorporating motivational strategies could further enhance the effectiveness of these initiatives. As a result, this could have a positive impact on students and those in their immediate vicinity.
L\'objectif de cette entreprise de recherche était d\'examiner les attitudes des étudiants de premier cycle de l\'Université King Khalid inscrits dans diverses disciplines de la santé concernant le don de sang. Des étudiants de premier cycle des disciplines de la santé ont participé à cette étude. Les questions de l\'enquête ont été administrées via Google Forms et les données ont été importées dans GraphPad Prism à des fins de visualisation et d\'analyse. Une plus grande proportion de participants étaient des hommes, les hommes représentant 63,2 % de l\'échantillon, tandis que les femmes représentaient 36,8 %. Les résultats de cette recherche illustrent un large éventail d’attitudes concernant la pratique du don de sang. Un pourcentage notable de participants avaient une prédisposition favorable au don de sang volontaire. Néanmoins, un degré important de variabilité a été observé parmi les individus en ce qui concerne leurs attitudes envers plusieurs variables, notamment la peur, la motivation et le lieu préféré pour faire des dons. Les participants ont exprimé des attitudes négatives à l\'égard de la pratique consistant à importer du sang et ont reconnu la responsabilité personnelle de s\'engager dans le don du sang pour le bien de la société. Une solution potentielle pour lutter contre les attitudes défavorables des étudiants à l’égard du don de sang consiste à mettre en œuvre des programmes éducatifs axés sur le don de sang et ses avantages associés. De plus, l’intégration de stratégies de motivation pourrait encore améliorer l’efficacité de ces initiatives. Cela pourrait ainsi avoir un impact positif sur les étudiants et leur entourage immédiat.