慢性疼痛(CP)显著影响生活质量,增加非传染性疾病风险。美国最近的数据显示发病率为6.3%,超越糖尿病,抑郁症,和高血压。国际研究表明,CP人群的死亡率更高,然而,美国先前的数据尚无定论。为了调查CP的死亡风险,我们分析了国家健康访谈调查(NHIS)和国家死亡指数(NDI)数据.我们假设个体患有CP和高影响力CP(HICP,(≥1活性限制)将表现出更高的死亡率。NHIS提供了人口统计数据,疼痛报告,生活方式,和心理社会数据,与NDI死亡率记录相匹配。卡方分析探讨了CP/HICP与人口统计之间的关系,生活方式因素,心理社会变量,和死亡率。Cox比例风险模型评估组间死亡风险。加权样本为245,899,776;报告CP为20%,HICP为8%,两组的死亡率均高于无痛个体(CP:5.55%,HICP:8.79%,总计:2.82%)。危险比表明,与没有这些条件的人相比,CP的死亡率风险几乎翻了一番,HICP的风险高出2.5倍。与非CP个体相比,调整生活方式和社会心理因素降低了死亡风险,但仍然升高。心脏病,恶性肿瘤,慢性下呼吸道疾病占CP病例死亡的比例更高。CP个体的吸烟率更高,酒精消费,肥胖,不活动,抑郁症,焦虑,情绪问题,和睡眠障碍。CP和HICP显著影响死亡率结果,与无痛个体相比,导致过量死亡。鉴于疼痛之间的关系,生活方式,心理社会变量,和死亡率,需要进一步调查CP的病因和预防策略.透视:这篇文章提供了关于慢性疼痛,高影响慢性疼痛,和死亡率。讨论了关于人口统计学影响的其他发现,生活方式,和心理社会变量对有和没有慢性疼痛和高影响慢性疼痛的死亡率。这些发现对于未来的研究至关重要,预防,和医疗保健管理策略。
Chronic pain (CP) significantly impacts quality of life and increases non-communicable disease risk, with recent U.S. data showing a 6.3% incidence rate, surpassing diabetes, depression, and hypertension. International studies suggest higher mortality in CP populations, yet prior U.S. data is inconclusive. To investigate CP\'s mortality risk, we analyzed National Health Interview Survey (NHIS) and National Death Index (NDI) data. We hypothesized individuals with CP and high-impact CP (HICP, (≥1 activity limitation) would exhibit higher mortality rates. NHIS provided demographics, pain reporting, lifestyle, and psychosocial data, matched with NDI mortality records. Chi-Square analyses explored relationships between CP/HICP and demographics, lifestyle factors, psychosocial variables, and mortality. Cox proportional hazards models assessed mortality risk between groups. The weighted sample was 245,899,776; 20% reported CP and 8% HICP, both groups exhibiting higher mortality rates than pain-free individuals (CP: 5.55%, HICP: 8.79%, total: 2.82%). Hazard ratios indicated nearly double the mortality risk for CP and two-and-a-half times higher risk for HICP compared to those without these conditions. Adjusting for lifestyle and psychosocial factors reduced mortality risk but remained elevated compared to non-CP individuals. Heart disease, malignant neoplasms, and chronic lower respiratory diseases accounted for a higher percentage of deaths in CP cases. CP individuals showed higher rates of smoking, alcohol consumption, obesity, inactivity, depression, anxiety, emotional problems, and sleep disturbances. CP and HICP significantly influence mortality outcomes, leading to excess deaths compared to pain-free individuals. Given the relationship between pain, lifestyle, psychosocial variables, and mortality, further investigations are needed into CP causation and prevention strategies. PERSPECTIVE: This article presents evidence regarding the relationship between chronic pain, high impact chronic pain, and mortality. Additional findings are discussed regarding the impact of demographics, lifestyle, and psychosocial variables on mortality in those with versus without chronic pain and high impact chronic pain. These findings are crucial for informing future research, prevention, and healthcare management strategies.