目的:本研究使用带有候补名单的随机对照试验,研究了新开发的工作-家庭生活支持计划对有学龄前儿童(/ren)的日本双职工夫妇的工作-家庭界面和心理健康指标的有效性。
方法:将符合纳入标准的参与者随机分配到干预组或对照组(分别为n=79和n=85)。该计划包括两个3小时的会议,他们之间有1个月的间隔,并通过包括自我管理提供全面的技能,夫妇管理,和育儿管理组件。计划会议在周末在社区中心房间进行,有3-10名参与者。结果在基线评估,1个月,和3个月的随访。主要结果是工作-家庭平衡自我效能感(WFBSE),四种类型的工作-家庭溢出效应(即,工作对家庭的冲突,家庭对工作的冲突,工作对家庭的促进,和家庭对工作的便利),心理困扰,和参与者报告的工作参与度。
结果:该计划对WFBSE(P=.031)和心理困扰(P=.014)具有显着的综合干预效果。效果大小(科恩的d)很小,WFBSE的1个月随访值为0.22,3个月随访值为0.24,和-0.36在3个月的心理困扰随访。然而,该计划对4种类型的工作-家庭溢出效应和工作投入没有显著的综合效应.
结论:该计划有效地增加了有学龄前儿童的日本双职工夫妇的WFBSE并减少了心理困扰。
OBJECTIVE: This study examined the effectiveness of a newly developed work-family life support program on the work-family interface and mental health indicators among Japanese dual-earner couples with a preschool child(/ren) using a randomized controlled trial with a waitlist.
METHODS: Participants who met the inclusion criteria were randomly allocated to the intervention or the control groups (n = 79 and n = 85, respectively). The program comprised two 3-h sessions with a 1-month interval between them and provided comprehensive skills by including self-management, couple management, and parenting management components. The program sessions were conducted on weekends in a community center room with 3-10 participants. Outcomes were assessed at baseline, 1-month, and 3-month follow-ups. Primary outcomes were work-family balance self-efficacy (WFBSE), four types of work-family spillovers (i.e., work-to-family conflict, family-to-work conflict, work-to-family facilitation, and family-to-work facilitation), psychological distress, and work engagement reported by the participants.
RESULTS: The program had significantly pooled intervention effects on WFBSE (P = .031) and psychological distress (P = .014). The effect sizes (Cohen\'s d) were small, with values of 0.22 at the 1-month follow-up and 0.24 at the 3-month follow-up for WFBSE, and -0.36 at the 3-month follow-up for psychological distress. However, the program had nonsignificant pooled effects on four types of work-family spillovers and work engagement.
CONCLUSIONS: The program effectively increased WFBSE and decreased psychological distress among Japanese dual-earner couples with a preschool child(/ren).