为了降低人畜共患病的风险,有必要了解感染过程,包括动物和媒介的生态学(即,\“一个健康\”方法)。在温带气候下,蜱是人畜共患病的主要载体,所以决定它们丰度的因素,如宿主哺乳动物的丰度和微生境条件,应该澄清。梅花鹿(Cervusnippon)是主要的蜱虫寄主,并正在迅速扩大其在日本的分布。我们在Tochigi县沿着梅花鹿丰度的梯度建立了12个地块,日本。我们用相机陷阱监测哺乳动物物种的发生,并通过沿三个横断面标记(小径的中心,森林边缘,和森林内部)在2018年4月至11月的每个地点。相机捕获记录的12种哺乳动物,主要是梅花鹿。采样了5种Haemphysalis物种和3种Ixodes物种。采样的蜱的数量由梅花鹿的摄影频率解释,部分是其他哺乳动物物种的,取决于蜱的种类和它们的发育阶段。成年蜱和若虫蜱的数量在森林边缘最高,植被覆盖最大的地方。因此,tick栖息地的植被管理和梅花鹿种群的控制可能会降低tick的丰度。
To reduce the risk of zoonoses, it is necessary to understand the infection process, including the ecology of animals and vectors (i.e., the \'One Health\' approach). In temperate climates, ticks are the major vectors of zoonoses, so factors determining their abundance, such as host mammal abundance and microhabitat conditions, should be clarified. Sika deer (Cervus nippon) are a major tick host and are rapidly expanding their distribution in Japan. We established 12 plots along a gradient of sika deer abundance in Tochigi Prefecture, Japan. We monitored the occurrence of mammal species with camera traps and sampled questing ticks on a monthly basis by flagging along three transects (center of a trail, forest edge, and forest interior) at each site from April to November 2018. The camera traps recorded 12 mammal species, predominantly sika deer. Five Haemaphysalis species and three Ixodes species were sampled. The numbers of ticks sampled were explained by the photographic frequency of sika deer, and partly by that of other mammal species, depending on tick species and their developmental stages. The numbers of sampled adult and nymphal ticks were the highest at the forest edge, where vegetation cover was greatest. Thus, vegetation management in tick habitats and the control of sika deer populations may reduce tick abundance.