背景:关于环境因素与液体摄入行为之间关联的证据仍然有限。本研究旨在探讨中国青壮年液体摄入行为的季节性变化。
方法:河北省19-21岁健康青年79例(男43例,女36例),中国,对四个季节的液体摄入行为进行了评估。对于每个评估,收集参与者的人体测量结果.测量调查日的温度和湿度。参与者的总饮用液(TDF)使用自我管理7天记录,24h液体摄入问卷。要计算食物中的水(WFF),我们权衡了参与者消耗的所有食物。收集消耗的食物样品的副本以通过干燥方法测量水含量。
结果:春季的平均总饮水量(TWI)为2761±881、2551±845、2210±551和1989±579,夏天,fall,冬天,分别为(F(2.37)=42.29,p<0.001)。来自TDF和WFF的TWI的数量和比例在四个季节中有所不同。春季WFF(1361±281,F(2.61)=17.21,p<0.001)和夏季TDF(1218±502,F(2.62)=9.36,p<0.001)的体积最高,而参与者在春季和夏季的液体摄入行为不如其他成对比较明显。室外温度与TDF之间存在中度关联(r=0.53,p<0.01)。不同的一般估计方程表明,性别,季节性,室外温度,室内和室外温度的差异,和平均温度是TDF的独立因素。发现了性别和温度的互动效应,表明随着温度的升高,男性的预期TDF可能会增加更多。
结论:性别,季节性,空气温度会显著影响流体吸入行为,包括液体摄入量和类型。然而,BMI和湿度的独立影响尚不清楚.
BACKGROUND: Evidence on the association between environmental factors and fluid intake behavior remains limited. The current study aims to explore seasonal variations in fluid intake behaviors among young adults in China.
METHODS: A prospective cohort of 79 healthy young adults (43 males and 36 females) aged 19-21 in Hebei, China, was assessed for fluid intake behaviors for four seasons. For each assessment, the participants\' anthropometric measurements were collected. Temperature and humidity on survey days were measured. Participants\' total drinking fluid (TDF) was recorded using a self-administrative 7 d, 24 h fluid intake questionnaire. To calculate water from food (WFF), we weighed all foods consumed by participants. Duplicates of consumed food samples were collected to measure the water content via the drying method.
RESULTS: The mean total water intake (TWI) was 2761 ± 881, 2551 ± 845, 2210 ± 551, and 1989 ± 579 for spring, summer, fall, and winter, respectively (F(2.37) = 42.29, p < 0.001). The volume and proportion of TWI from TDF and WFF varied across the four seasons. The volume of WFF in spring (1361 ± 281, F(2.61) = 17.21, p < 0.001) and TDF in summer (1218 ± 502, F(2.62) = 9.36, p < 0.001) was among the highest, while participants\' fluid intake behaviors in spring and summer were less distinct than the other pairwise comparisons. A moderate association was found between outdoor temperature and TDF (r = 0.53, p < 0.01). Different general estimating equations suggested that gender, seasonality, outdoor temperature, differences in indoor and outdoor temperature, and mean temperature were independent factors of TDF. An interactive effect was found for gender and temperature, showing that the expected TDF of males may increase more as the temperature climbs.
CONCLUSIONS: Gender, seasonality, and air temperature could significantly affect fluid intake behaviors, including the amount and type of fluid intake. However, the independent effect of BMI and humidity remains unclear.