背景:疟疾是一种严重的疾病,致命疾病,和全球人类健康的高风险决定因素。孩子们,孕妇,移民是非洲地区疟疾感染的弱势群体。最近,疟疾是埃塞俄比亚的一种地方病。
目的:本研究旨在确定埃塞俄比亚最脆弱人群中疟疾的综合流行率及其决定因素。
方法:电子数据库,包括PubMed,谷歌学者,WebofScience,语义学者,和Scopus用于搜索自2020年公历及以后发布的文章。所有同行评审的埃塞俄比亚期刊,卫生机构,和大学被认为是文章搜索。PRISMA流程图和Endnote软件用于文章筛选,并删除重复,分别。纽卡斯尔-渥太华量表的修订版用于潜在的偏见风险评估。使用异质性指标(I2)评估纳入研究之间的异质性。使用Egger检验和漏斗图检查可能的发表偏倚。随机效应分析用于评估疟疾的合并流行率,及其决定因素,CI为95%。筛选过程,数据提取,质量评估是独立完成的,任何分歧都通过讨论解决。
结果:本研究共纳入12项研究。合并的疟疾患病率为11.10%(95%CI:6.10,16.11)。停滞水(AOR:4.19,95%CI:2.47,7.11),无杀虫剂处理的蚊帐利用(AOR:3.15,95%CI:1.73,5.73),和晚上呆在户外(AOR:5.19,95%CI:2.08,12.94)是疟疾流行的汇总统计学估计危险因素.然而,杀虫剂处理过的蚊帐利用率(AOR:1.59,95%CI:0.23,10.95)降低了疟疾感染的风险。
结论:在脆弱人群中,疟疾的合并流行率很高。提高对使用杀虫剂处理过的蚊帐的认识,从环境中排出死水是减少疟疾流行的可能干预措施。
BACKGROUND: Malaria is a serious, fatal disease, and a high-risk determinant for human health globally. Children, pregnant women, and migrants are vulnerable groups for malaria infection in African regions. Recently, malaria is an endemic disease in Ethiopia.
OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to determine the pooled prevalence of malaria and its determinant factors among the most vulnerable populations in Ethiopia.
METHODS: Electronic databases, including PubMed, Google Scholar, Web of Science, Semantic Scholar, and Scopus were used for searching articles published since the 2020 Gregorian calendar and onwards. All peer-reviewed Ethiopian journals, health institutions, and Universities were considered for article searching. A PRISMA flow chart and Endnote software were used for article screening, and to remove duplications, respectively. The modified version of the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale was used for potential risk of bias assessments. The heterogeneity among the included studies was evaluated using the indicator of heterogeneity (I2). Egger\'s test and funnel plot were used to examine the possible publication bias. A random-effects analysis was used to assess the pooled prevalence of malaria, and its determinant factors with a 95% CI. The screening process, data extraction, and quality assessment were done independently, and any disagreements were resolved through discussions.
RESULTS: A total of twelve studies were included in this study. The pooled malaria prevalence was 11.10% (95% CI: 6.10, 16.11). Stagnant water (AOR: 4.19, 95% CI: 2.47, 7.11), no insecticide-treated net utilization (AOR: 3.15, 95% CI: 1.73, 5.73), and staying outdoors at night (AOR: 5.19, 95% CI: 2.08, 12.94) were the pooled estimated statistically risk factors for malaria prevalence. Whereas, insecticide-treated bed net utilization (AOR: 1.59, 95% CI: 0.23, 10.95) reduces the risk of malaria infection.
CONCLUSIONS: The pooled prevalence of malaria is high among vulnerable populations. Creating awareness regarding utilization of insecticide-treated bed nets, and draining stagnant water from the environment are possible interventions to reduce the prevalence of malaria.