目的:建立印度斯皮兹的椎体心脏评分(VHS)参考值,拉布拉多猎犬,和杂种狗;评估VHS在这三个狗品种中的适用性;确定品种,躺在一边,性别,体重,在这些犬种中,胸深(TD)与胸宽(TW)之比对VHS测量有影响。
方法:总共60个,客户拥有,临床健康的印度斯皮茨(n=20,平均年龄=4.25±2.15岁,体重=11.87±2.7kg),拉布拉多猎犬(n=20,平均年龄=4.75±1.91岁,体重=27.31±5.43kg),和杂种犬(n=20,平均年龄=4.25±1.52岁,体重=16.25±3.99kg),没有心血管或肺部疾病的放射学和临床征象被纳入研究.手动约束所有狗,并获得左侧(LL)和右侧(RL)射线照相视图。使用VHS方法计算侧位X线片中的心脏大小。此外,TD,计算TW和TD:TW以确定犬品种的胸廓构象类型。除此之外,品种的影响,躺着的一面,性别,体重,确定了TD与TW的比值对VHS的计算。
结果:在所有品种的动物中计算VHS。Spitz和拉布拉多寻回犬的VHS显着(分别为p<0.0001,p<0.0001)>9.7±0.5v。杂种犬的RL和LLVHS显着(p<0.037)>9.7±0.5v。拉布拉多猎犬和杂种狗,拉布拉多猎犬更高,其次是Spitz和Mongrel狗。在所有三个品种中,RL卧姿中的VHS显着(p<0.001)大于LL卧姿中的VHS。LL和RLVHS在Spitz中彼此显着相关(r=0.58;p=0.02),拉布拉多猎犬(r=0.87;p<0.0001),和杂种狗(r=0.93;p<0.0001)。在Spitz之间观察到TD和TW的显着差异(p<0.05),拉布拉多猎犬,和杂种狗。性别的非显著影响,体重,在每个犬种中观察到VHS测量中的TD与TW的比率。
结论:应使用品种特异性VHS参考范围来客观测量狗的心脏大小。此外,还应考虑影像学检查,以避免对狗的心脏扩大的任何错误解释。
OBJECTIVE: To establish reference values of vertebral heart score (VHS) in Indian Spitz, Labrador retriever, and Mongrel dogs; to assess applicability of VHS in these three dog breeds; to determine if breed, recumbency side, gender, body weight, and thoracic depth (TD) to thoracic width (TW) ratio has an influence on the VHS measurement in these dog breeds.
METHODS: A total of 60, client owned, clinically healthy Indian Spitz (n=20, mean age = 4.25±2.15 years, body weight = 11.87±2.7 kg), Labrador retriever (n=20, mean age = 4.75±1.91 years, body weight = 27.31±5.43 kg), and Mongrel dogs (n=20, mean age = 4.25±1.52 years, body weight = 16.25±3.99 kg), having no radiological and clinical signs of cardiovascular or pulmonary disease were included in the study. All dogs were restrained manually and left lateral (LL) and right lateral (RL) radiographic views were obtained. The size of heart in lateral radiographs was calculated using VHS method. Besides, the TD, TW and TD: TW were calculated to determine the type of thoracic conformation in the dog breeds. In addition to this, the effect of breed, side of recumbency, gender, body weight, and TD to TW ratio on the calculation of VHS was determined.
RESULTS: VHS was calculated in all the animals of the breeds. VHS in Spitz and Labrador retriever was significantly (p<0.0001, p<0.0001, respectively) >9.7±0.5 v. RL and LL VHS in Mongrel dog was significantly (p<0.037) >9.7±0.5 v. Significant (p<0.05) differences in the VHS were observed among Spitz, Labrador retriever and Mongrel dogs, being higher for Labrador retriever followed by Spitz and Mongrel dogs. VHS in RL recumbency was significantly (p<0.001) greater than VHS in LL recumbency in all three breeds. LL and RL VHS correlated significantly with each other in Spitz (r=0.58; p=0.02), Labrador retriever (r=0.87; p<0.0001), and Mongrel dogs (r=0.93; p<0.0001). Significant (p<0.05) differences in the TD and TW were observed among Spitz, Labrador retriever, and Mongrel dogs. Non-significant effect of gender, body weight, and TD to TW ratio on the VHS measurement was observed in each dog breed.
CONCLUSIONS: Breed-specific VHS reference ranges should be used for the objective measurement of heart size in dogs. Furthermore, the radiographic view should also be taken into consideration to avoid any erroneous interpretation of cardiac enlargement in dogs.