维持内皮细胞(EC)和血管平滑肌细胞(VSMC)的完整性是人类健康和疾病的重要组成部分,因为EC和VSMC都调节各种功能,包括血管张力控制,细胞粘附,稳态和血栓形成调节,扩散,血管炎症。不同的应激源影响ECs和VSMC的功能,这些细胞的功能异常在心血管疾病的发生和发展中起着至关重要的作用。Toll样受体(TLR)是源自各种微生物和病毒的病原体相关分子模式以及源自受损细胞的损伤相关分子模式的重要检测器,并执行先天免疫反应。在TLRs中,多项研究表明,TLR3在启动中起关键作用,疾病的发展和/或保护,一个新的证据表明TLR3代表了脉管系统的组成部分,包括EC和VSMC,并发挥功能性作用。TLR3的激动剂,聚肌苷酸-聚胞嘧啶酸[聚(I:C)],影响EC,包括细胞死亡,炎症,趋化因子,附着力,渗透性,还有止血.聚(I:C)也影响VSMC,包括炎症,扩散,和血管张力的调节。此外,由某些分子和/或干预引起的血管功能的改变是通过TLR3信号传导产生的。因此,根据最新研究,我们介绍了TLR3与血管功能之间的关联.
Maintaining endothelial cell (EC) and vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) integrity is an important component of human health and disease because both EC and VSMC regulate various functions, including vascular tone control, cellular adhesion, homeostasis and thrombosis regulation, proliferation, and vascular inflammation. Diverse stressors affect functions in both ECs and VSMCs and abnormalities of functions in these cells play a crucial role in cardiovascular disease initiation and progression. Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are important detectors of pathogen-associated molecular patterns derived from various microbes and viruses as well as damage-associated molecular patterns derived from damaged cells and perform innate immune responses. Among TLRs, several studies reveal that TLR3 plays a key role in initiation, development and/or protection of diseases, and an emerging body of evidence indicates that TLR3 presents components of the vasculature, including ECs and VSMCs, and plays a functional role. An agonist of TLR3, polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid [poly (I:C)], affects ECs, including cell death, inflammation, chemoattractant, adhesion, permeability, and hemostasis. Poly (I:C) also affects VSMCs including inflammation, proliferation, and modulation of vascular tone. Moreover, alterations of vascular function induced by certain molecules and/or interventions are exerted through TLR3 signaling. Hence, we present the association between TLR3 and vascular function according to the latest studies.