目的:目的是分析COVID-19大流行和国家封锁对中耳炎(OM)发病率的全球影响,一种常见的耳鼻喉疾病。
方法:PubMed,Scopus,和CINAHL。
方法:使用PRISMA报告指南进行系统评价和荟萃分析。OM发病率(衡量为新诊断的OM病例超过一段时间内所有患者的比例),OM抗生素处方(使用抗生素的OM病例超过总OM病例),和鼓膜置管手术(所有鼓膜置管手术超过全部手术病例)。进行比例的Meta分析和比例比较。
结果:在筛选的1004项研究中,11个国家的26项研究符合纳入标准。锁定前和锁定期间的OM病例百分比为6.67%,95%CI[4.68%,8.99%],和2.63%[2.02%,3.31%],分别,在封锁期间,OR为0.31,有利于[0.25,0.39](p<0.00001)。封锁前和封锁期间每一次OM发作的抗生素处方为1.61%[0.17%,8.46%]和0.62%[0.07%,3.32%],OR为0.37,有利于锁定期间([0.35,0.40],p<0.00001)。锁闭前后鼓膜置管手术比例为31.64%[6.85%,64.26%]和29.99%[4.14%,66.55%],OR为0.94,既不支持封锁,也不支持封锁前[0.45,2.00](p=0.88)。
结论:在COVID-19大流行导致国际封锁后,OM的发病率显着下降,OM发作的抗生素处方显示相应减少。尽管有这些削减,鼓膜置管手术的数量没有显着变化。这些减少可能是由于社交距离,通过日托等高传播设施减少暴露,医疗保健利用率下降,甚至可能减少空气污染。喉镜,2023年。
OBJECTIVE: The aim was to analyze the global impact of the COVID-19 pandemic and national lockdowns on the incidence of otitis media (OM), a common otolaryngologic disease.
METHODS: PubMed, Scopus, and CINAHL.
METHODS: A systematic review and meta-analysis were performed using PRISMA reporting guidelines. OM incidence (measured as newly diagnosed OM cases over total patients seen over a time period), OM antibiotic prescriptions (OM cases for which antibiotics were prescribed over total OM cases), and tympanostomy tube surgeries (all tympanostomy tube surgeries over total surgical cases) were extracted. Meta-analysis of proportions and comparison of proportions were performed.
RESULTS: Of 1004 studies screened, 26 studies in 11 countries met inclusion criteria. The percentages of OM cases pre- and during-lockdown were 6.67%, 95% CI [4.68%, 8.99%], and 2.63% [2.02%, 3.31%], respectively, with an OR of 0.31 favoring during-lockdown [0.25, 0.39] (p < 0.00001). Antibiotic prescriptions per all OM episodes pre- and during-lockdown were 1.61% [0.17%, 8.46%] and 0.62% [0.07%, 3.32%], with an OR of 0.37 favoring during-lockdown ([0.35, 0.40], p < 0.00001). Tympanostomy tube surgery proportions pre- and during-lockdown were 31.64% [6.85%, 64.26%] and 29.99% [4.14%, 66.55%], with an OR of 0.94 favoring neither during- nor pre-lockdown [0.45, 2.00] (p = 0.88).
CONCLUSIONS: The incidence of OM decreased significantly following international lockdowns due to the COVID-19 pandemic, with antibiotic prescriptions for OM episodes showing a corresponding decrease. Despite these reductions, numbers of tympanostomy tube procedures did not change significantly. These reductions are likely due to social distancing, decreased exposure through high transmission facilities such as day cares, decreased health care utilization, and even possibly decreased air pollution. Laryngoscope, 134:2028-2037, 2024.