Chirality,天然分子最基本的特性之一,在生化反应中起着重要作用。具有手性特性的纳米材料具有优越的性能,如催化性能,光电特性,和光热特性,在纳米医学的特定应用中具有巨大的潜力。生物分子修饰,如核酸,肽,蛋白质,多糖是纳米材料的手性来源,除了固有的手性外,还具有巨大的应用潜力,人造大分子,和金属。二维(2D)纳米材料,与其他维度相反,由于适当的表面积,广泛的修改地点,药物负荷潜力,和简单的准备,在诊断应用中准备和使用,药物输送研究,和肿瘤治疗。目前用于生物医学的二维手性纳米材料的先进研究集中在新型手性开发上,结构控制,和材料可持续性应用。然而,尽管生物医学研究取得了进展,手性二维纳米材料仍然面临着诸如合成困难等挑战,质量控制,批量制备,手性稳定性,以及手性识别和选择性。这篇综述旨在全面概述其起源,合成,应用程序,以及具有生物分子作为货物和手性修饰的2D手性纳米材料的挑战,并强调了它们在生物医学中的潜在作用。
Chirality, one of the most fundamental properties of natural molecules, plays a significant role in biochemical reactions. Nanomaterials with chiral characteristics have superior properties, such as catalytic properties, optoelectronic properties, and photothermal properties, which have significant potential for specific applications in nanomedicine. Biomolecular modifications such as nucleic acids, peptides, proteins, and polysaccharides are sources of chirality for nanomaterials with great potential for application in addition to intrinsic chirality, artificial macromolecules, and metals. Two-dimensional (2D) nanomaterials, as opposed to other dimensions, due to proper surface area, extensive modification sites, drug loading potential, and simplicity of preparation, are prepared and utilized in diagnostic applications, drug delivery research, and tumor therapy. Current advanced studies on 2D chiral nanomaterials for biomedicine are focused on novel chiral development, structural control, and materials sustainability applications. However, despite the advances in biomedical research, chiral 2D nanomaterials still confront challenges such as the difficulty of synthesis, quality control, batch preparation, chiral stability, and chiral recognition and selectivity. This review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the origins, synthesis, applications, and challenges of 2D chiral nanomaterials with biomolecules as cargo and chiral modifications and highlight their potential roles in biomedicine.